Table 4

FM regressions

RegressorsModels
1234567
Constant0.12 (1.00)0.11 (1.79)***0.12 (0.88)0.13 (1.19)0.13 (0.77)0.20 (0.73)0.21 (0.70)
Et[IEp,t+T]−0.66 (−4.25)*   −0.66 (−4.05)*−0.43 (−3.40)*−0.33 (−3.01)*
ISp,t −1.03 (−8.24)*  −0.98 (−7.79)* −0.90 (−6.94)*
IVp,t  −0.22 (−3.02)* −0.15 (−2.96)* −0.11 (−2.72)*
IKp,t   5.22 (15.17)*5.22 (15.16)* 3.44 (12.34)*
MKTp,t     −0.13 (−3.93)*−0.10 (−2.45)*
SMBp,t     0.061 (3.01)*0.041 (1.92)***
HMLp,t     −0.11 (−3.66)*−0.09 (−3.33)*
MOMp,t     −0.0022 (−0.44)−0.002 (−0.40)
Coskewp,t     −0.16 (−4.22)*−0.14 (−3.96)*
LIQp,t     −0.93 (−6.18)*−0.89 (−6.12)*
MAXp,t     −0.069 (−3.22)*−0.064 (−3.09)*
MINp,t     −0.009 (−1.11)−0.008 (−1.00)
χ274.25 [0.00]133.12 [0.00]63.12 [0.00]188.16 [0.00]592.14 [0.00]844.22 [0.00]992.28 [0.00]
Pricing error0.0350.0290.040.0180.00860.00520.0033
AdjR20.0290.0410.0270.0890.170.300.39

Note(s): This table outlines the results from the Fama and MacBeth (1973) regressions, along with their average coefficients, as per Equation (13). We analyze 100 portfolios that are sorted each month according to Et[IEp,t+1]. These regressions are calculated at the end of each month, from January 1988 to June 2019. For portfolio p, expected entropy and other risk factors are determined by the value-weighted average of firm-level measures across all stocks in the portfolio. The measures Et[IEp,t+1] are computed as described in Equations (11) and (12) using a 60-day formation period. To estimate Et[IEp,t+1], the cross-sectional regressions utilize the risk factors from Model 6 in Table 2. Using the same formation period, we also calculate IVp,t, ISp,t, and IKp,t for portfolio p via Equations (8), (9), and (10), respectively. MKTp,t represents the excess market return at month-end t, SMBp,t and HMLp,t​ are the excess returns of small-cap stocks over large-cap stocks and high book-to-market stocks over low book-to-market stocks, respectively, in month t. MOMp,t is the difference in returns between two high prior return portfolios and two low prior return portfolios for that month. Coskewp,t and LIQp,t correspond to Harvey and Siddique’s (2000) co-skewness and Pastor and Stambaugh’s (2003) liquidity measures, respectively, for month t. MAXp,t and MINp,t​ are Bali, Cakici, and Whitelaw’s (2011) maximum and minimum factors, representing the average of the highest and the inverse of the lowest daily returns over the past two months. The table includes average coefficients and Newey and West (1987) t-statistics (shown in parentheses), along with average adjusted-R-squared values. Significance at 1% and 10% levels are indicated with * and ***, respectively. The Fama-MacBeth t-statistics and the χ2 test results are presented in parentheses and brackets, respectively

Source(s): Created by the author

or Create an Account

Close Modal
Close Modal