Table 11

Descriptive statistics of double-sorted portfolios

Portfolio123456789
MeanStd. DevSkewEntropyIVIESizeCAPM alphaFF alpha
Panel A: double-sorted IV portfolios
1 (Low)0.840.010−0.0180.200.170.06312.850.87 (3.48)*0.90 (3.30)*
20.790.0200.0420.160.500.05212.220.80 (3.16)*0.80 (3.15)*
3−1.000.0350.0790.130.590.0459.44−1.34 (−2.22)**−1.30 (−2.12)**
4−1.230.0440.170.110.620.0369.23−1.41 (−2.92)*−1.32 (−2.77)*
5 (High)−1.250.1120.260.080.670.0317.33−1.50 (−2.96)*−1.24 (−2.48)*
5–1−2.09 (−3.08)*      −2.37 (−3.22)*−2.14 (−3.16)*
UMC−0.32 (−2.25)**      −0.20 (−2.15)**−0.23 (−2.26)*
Panel B: double-sorted IE portfolios
1 (Low)0.860.0120.110.0750.400.04412.480.88 (3.18)*0.90 (3.23)*
20.820.0200.090.140.500.04911.770.74 (3.16)*0.60 (2.89)*
3−0.980.0780.0810.170.520.05410.34−1.23 (−2.11)**−1.06 (−1.78)***
4−1.180.0830.0710.230.640.0589.09−1.28 (−2.18)**−1.19 (−1.96)***
5 (High)−1.300.0900.1090.270.720.0667.66−1.38 (−2.27)**−1.35 (−2.01)**
5–1−2.16 (−3.20)*      −2.26 (−3.26)*−2.25 (−3.22)*
UMC−0.28 (−2.22)**      −0.20 (−2.15)**−0.23 (−2.26)*

Note(s): This table displays detailed statistics for portfolios arranged by expected entropy and IV. Each month, from January 1988 to June 2019, we calculate the Et[IEi,t+T] estimates using a 60-day formation period as detailed in Equations (11) and (12). IVP,t is computed using a 30-day period as per Equation (8), allowing for comparison with Ang et al.’s (2006, 2009) IV analysis. Panel A shows the outcomes of sorting stocks into portfolios at each month’s end based on Et[IEi,t+T]. Within each Et[IEi,t+T] quintile, stocks are further divided into IVi,t quintiles, and we calculate the value-weighted return for these 25 portfolios in the subsequent month (t+1). We then compute the value-weighted average across each of the five Et[IEi,t+T] quintiles to account for the impact of expected IE. Panel B reverses the roles of Et[IEi,t+T] and IVi,t creating portfolios ranked by Et[IEi,t+T] to control for the effects of IVi,t. This panel also offers descriptive statistics for the five conditionally ranked portfolios, where Portfolio 1 contains stocks with the lowest IVi,t (Panel A) or Et[IEi,t+T] (Panel B), and Portfolio 5 includes those with the highest risk. Column 1 presents the average value-weighted returns of these portfolios over time. Columns 2 to 4 detail the standard deviation, skewness, and total entropy of the portfolio returns. Columns 5 to 7 provide the value-weighted cross-sectional averages of IVi,t, IEi,t+T, and Sizei,t within each portfolio. Columns 8 and 9 show the alphas and Newey and West (1987) t-statistics (in parentheses) for the CAPM and Fama-French (1993) three-factor models. The symbols *, **, and *** indicate statistical significance at the 1%, 5%, and 10% levels, respectively

Source(s): Created by the author

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