Table 1

Proposed research agenda on ER

AvenueProposed research questions
Exploring causal relationships of ER
  • How can the interrelations be characterized between the three aspects context, resourceful behavior, and its effect?

  • Which facets of the three aspects cause which outcome and vice versa?

  • What stimulates manifestations of resourceful behavior and how is this connected to a certain outcome?

  • What specific resourceful behaviors are most effective in different contexts (e.g. new ventures, scale-up, social enterprises, …)?

  • Which resourceful behaviors drive long-term entrepreneurial success, and which are more effective for achieving short-term entrepreneurial success?

ER as an independent subject
  • What is the essence of ER and how can ER be described with the help of conceptual studies?

  • What are the core elements that characterize ER?

  • How can the impact of (various) resourceful behaviors on organizational performance be assessed?

  • How can ER be differentiated from other concepts such as bricolage, effectuation, etc.?

  • How can the various forms of ER (e.g. resource-seeking, resource-stretching, …) clearly be distinguished from an organizational level? What are commonalities and differences between the forms?

  • Is there a possibility to measure ER? And if yes, how can ER be measured? What methodologies can be employed to measure ER effectively?

Personality traits and ER
  • Can ER be learned from individuals or not?

  • If learnable: How can individuals learn ER? What are the most effective teaching methods to develop ER?

  • If not learnable: Which personality types are typically more resourceful than others? Are there personality attributes predicting ER?

  • How does ER evolve and change over time for individuals?

  • How do personal attributes (e.g. age or gender) or personality traits (e.g. openness, risk affinity, and adaptability) contribute and relate to ER?

  • What role do life experience and career stages play in shaping individual ER?

Social capital and ER
  • How does the quality and structure of an entrepreneur’s social network influence their resourcefulness?

  • In what ways can ER contribute to building and strengthening social capital within entrepreneurial networks?

  • Under what conditions is collaborative ER most beneficial for entrepreneurial ventures?

  • How do trust, reciprocity, and network density affect the efficacy of ER in multi-actor scenarios?

  • What are manifestations of ER involving multiple actors or partners? What are the circumstances when these forms of ER are most beneficial?

Organizational attributes and ER
  • How does organizational culture influence ER among employees?

  • What leadership styles are most effective in promoting ER within organizations?

  • How can organizational structures be designed to facilitate and support ER?

  • How can organizations implement incentives and metrics to effectively cultivate ER among employees?

  • How do organizational policies and practices impact the sustainability of ER initiatives?

Societal and macro-economic perspectives on ER
  • How does the economic system or the overall economic situation (e.g. economic downturns or geopolitical instability) affect ER?

  • How do societal structures (e.g. income inequality and social mobility, or demographic factors) affect an entrepreneur`s resourcefulness?

  • What macroeconomic policies can support or hinder the development of ER in entrepreneurial ecosystems?

  • How does ER contribute to economic resilience and recovery during periods of economic instability or crisis?

Negative effects of ER
  • What are the potential negative outcomes of ER on individual entrepreneurs (e.g. burnout, ethical dilemmas)?

  • How can organizations recognize and address the negative effects of ER on their culture and operations?

  • How can strategies be developed to mitigate potential negative effects of ER?

  • What role do external stakeholders (e.g. investors, regulators) play in mitigating the negative impacts of ER?

Source(s): Authors' own illustration

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