Robustness long-term two-step system GMM estimates of the effect of per capita income growth on bipolar and depression disorders
| Bipolar | Depression | Bipolar | Depression | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Per capita income growth | −0.0520*** (0.0134) | −0.0211** (0.0094) | −0.1373* (0.0754) | −0.0412*** (0.0150) |
| Public health expenditure | −0.3281*** (0.1211) | −0.1511 (0.1334) | −0.5749 (0.5342) | −0.1161 (0.1414) |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure | −0.7459*** (0.2185) | −1.0366*** (0.3201) | −0.0533 (0.4435) | −1.0728* (0.5789) |
| Population growth | −0.6310*** (0.1591) | −0.4514*** (0.1213) | −1.3349* (0.7099) | −0.4152** (0.1755) |
| Physician density | −0.6086*** (0.1454) | −0.4613*** (0.1208) | −1.8405* (0.9601) | −1.0304* (0.6023) |
| Interpersonal violence | 9.2692 (6.9945) | 0.7701 (0.8307) | ||
| Constant | −0.1918 (1.3851) | 1.6369 (1.4983) | 32.9438 (27.2624) | 4.3770** (2.1990) |
| Observations | 145 | 145 | 145 | 145 |
| Bipolar | Depression | Bipolar | Depression | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Per capita income growth | −0.0520 | −0.0211 | −0.1373 | −0.0412 |
| Public health expenditure | −0.3281 | −0.1511 (0.1334) | −0.5749 (0.5342) | −0.1161 (0.1414) |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure | −0.7459 | −1.0366 | −0.0533 (0.4435) | −1.0728 |
| Population growth | −0.6310 | −0.4514 | −1.3349 | −0.4152 |
| Physician density | −0.6086 | −0.4613 | −1.8405 | −1.0304 |
| Interpersonal violence | 9.2692 (6.9945) | 0.7701 (0.8307) | ||
| Constant | −0.1918 (1.3851) | 1.6369 (1.4983) | 32.9438 (27.2624) | 4.3770 |
| Observations | 145 | 145 | 145 | 145 |
Notes:
Standard errors in parentheses; *p < 0.1; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01; Bipolar, depression, health expenditure and interpersonal violence indicators are log-transformed
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