TableĀ 2

Communication media and definitions

Communication mediumDefinition in this paper
Face-to-faceIn-person communication where all parties are physically present in the same space (e.g. the same meeting room)
VideoVideo-mediated communication via conferencing platforms (e.g. Microsoft Teams, Zoom, Google Meet). Participants keep their cameras on
AudioVoice-mediated communication via mobile phones or conferencing platforms. Participants turn off their cameras and communicate only by voice
Synchronous textText-based, real-time, technology-mediated communication between or among two or more participants. In this study's context, this takes place via online instant messaging platforms (e.g. Slack, Microsoft Teams chat, WhatsApp)
Asynchronous textText-based, technology-mediated communication between or among two or more participants who are not concurrently active in the conversation. Participants reply at their convenience, and immediate responses are not expected. In this study's context, this takes place via online messaging platforms (e.g. e-mail, Yammer) and an intranet

Source(s): Authors' own creation

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