Descriptive statistics and construct validity of reflective constructsa,b,c,d,e
| n | Min. | Max. | Mean | SD | Load-ing | Cronbach’s alpha | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IDFIT | 277 | −2.69 | 1.49 | 0.00 | 1.00 | (0.79) | 0.94 |
| Job fits self-image | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.97 | 1.47 | 0.89 | |
| Job gives favored identity | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.10 | 1.41 | 0.89 | |
| Work is satisfying | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.80 | 1.55 | 0.92 | |
| Job fits future self-image | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.49 | 1.63 | 0.85 | |
| DIAG | 277 | −3.21 | 1.33 | 0.00 | 1.00 | (0.78) | 0.95 |
| Identification of critical performance variables | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.14 | 1.45 | 0.85 | |
| target setting for critical performance variables | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.22 | 1.41 | 0.89 | |
| Monitor progress toward critical performance targets | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.21 | 1.38 | 0.93 | |
| Provide information to correct deviations from present performance targets | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.27 | 1.48 | 0.86 | |
| Review key areas of performance | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.38 | 1.38 | 0.88 | |
| STRUC | 277 | −1.96 | 2.08 | 0.00 | 1.00 | (0.48) | 0.80 |
| Typical communication of control information is very open | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.16 | 1.58 | 0.35 | |
| Degree of accessibility of operational information is free | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.01 | 1.56 | 0.64 | |
| Content of work-related communication between top mgmt. and subordinates is information and idea sharing, consultative, advice giving | 277 | 1 | 7 | 3.52 | 1.60 | 0.82 | |
| Operating mgmt philosophy favors emphasis on giving the most say to the expert in a given situation even if this means bypassing formal line authority | 277 | 1 | 7 | 3.38 | 1.50 | 0.78 | |
| Operating mgmt philosophy favors emphasis on initiative and adaptation to the local situation | 277 | 1 | 7 | 3.68 | 1.44 | 0.77 | |
| CLARITY | 277 | −2.20 | 1.44 | 0.00 | 1.00 | (0.42) | 0.64 |
| Clear expectations of management | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.92 | 1.48 | 0.56 | |
| Management has a clear view of goals | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.66 | 1.65 | 0.86 | |
| Availability of resources and equipment | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.00 | 1.59 | 0.44 | |
| GROUPCULT | 277 | −2.99 | 1.28 | 0.00 | 1.00 | (0.56) | 0.78 |
| A team atmosphere describes the work environment | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.3 | 1.48 | 0.67 | |
| Loyalty is important in the work environment | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.53 | 1.37 | 0.78 | |
| Morale is important in the work environment | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.98 | 1.46 | 0.79 | |
| LMX | 277 | −2.65 | 1.30 | 0.00 | 1.00 | (0.72) | 0.93 |
| Cordial | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.48 | 1.60 | 0.79 | |
| Friendly | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.29 | 1.55 | 0.84 | |
| Open | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.26 | 1.63 | 0.88 | |
| Trusting | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.25 | 1.72 | 0.92 | |
| Close | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.19 | 1.66 | 0.80 | |
| PSYCHSAF | 277 | −3.54 | 1.02 | 0.00 | 1.00 | (0.61) | 0.94 |
| Not afraid to be oneself at work | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.86 | 1.29 | 0.72 | |
| Not afraid to express own opinions at work | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.68 | 1.31 | 0.98 | |
| A friendly environment at work | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.44 | 1.38 | 0.6 |
| n | Min. | Max. | Mean | SD | Load-ing | Cronbach’s alpha | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IDFIT | 277 | −2.69 | 1.49 | 0.00 | 1.00 | (0.79) | 0.94 |
| Job fits self-image | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.97 | 1.47 | ||
| Job gives favored identity | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.10 | 1.41 | ||
| Work is satisfying | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.80 | 1.55 | ||
| Job fits future self-image | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.49 | 1.63 | ||
| DIAG | 277 | −3.21 | 1.33 | 0.00 | 1.00 | (0.78) | 0.95 |
| Identification of critical performance variables | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.14 | 1.45 | ||
| target setting for critical performance variables | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.22 | 1.41 | ||
| Monitor progress toward critical performance targets | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.21 | 1.38 | ||
| Provide information to correct deviations from present performance targets | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.27 | 1.48 | ||
| Review key areas of performance | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.38 | 1.38 | ||
| STRUC | 277 | −1.96 | 2.08 | 0.00 | 1.00 | (0.48) | 0.80 |
| Typical communication of control information is very open | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.16 | 1.58 | ||
| Degree of accessibility of operational information is free | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.01 | 1.56 | ||
| Content of work-related communication between top mgmt. and subordinates is information and idea sharing, consultative, advice giving | 277 | 1 | 7 | 3.52 | 1.60 | ||
| Operating mgmt philosophy favors emphasis on giving the most say to the expert in a given situation even if this means bypassing formal line authority | 277 | 1 | 7 | 3.38 | 1.50 | ||
| Operating mgmt philosophy favors emphasis on initiative and adaptation to the local situation | 277 | 1 | 7 | 3.68 | 1.44 | ||
| CLARITY | 277 | −2.20 | 1.44 | 0.00 | 1.00 | (0.42) | 0.64 |
| Clear expectations of management | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.92 | 1.48 | ||
| Management has a clear view of goals | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.66 | 1.65 | ||
| Availability of resources and equipment | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.00 | 1.59 | ||
| GROUPCULT | 277 | −2.99 | 1.28 | 0.00 | 1.00 | (0.56) | 0.78 |
| A team atmosphere describes the work environment | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.3 | 1.48 | ||
| Loyalty is important in the work environment | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.53 | 1.37 | ||
| Morale is important in the work environment | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.98 | 1.46 | ||
| LMX | 277 | −2.65 | 1.30 | 0.00 | 1.00 | (0.72) | 0.93 |
| Cordial | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.48 | 1.60 | ||
| Friendly | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.29 | 1.55 | ||
| Open | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.26 | 1.63 | ||
| Trusting | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.25 | 1.72 | ||
| Close | 277 | 1 | 7 | 4.19 | 1.66 | ||
| PSYCHSAF | 277 | −3.54 | 1.02 | 0.00 | 1.00 | (0.61) | 0.94 |
| Not afraid to be oneself at work | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.86 | 1.29 | ||
| Not afraid to express own opinions at work | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.68 | 1.31 | ||
| A friendly environment at work | 277 | 1 | 7 | 5.44 | 1.38 |
Notes:
aExtraction method: maximum-likelihood; bRotation method: Oblimin; cThe variance extracted for each factor analysis is reported in parentheses in the top line of each table; dItalic indicates the loadings of the items that are used for the final measurement of the construct (> 0.30); eSee Appendix A for complete wording of the items
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