Table A2

From organizational to entrepreneurial commitment: an historical perspective

ReferenceFociContribution
Allen and Meyer (1990) OrganizationFirst scale of the three-component model of commitment
Meyer et al. (1993) Organization ProfessionFirst empirical extension of the model to the profession
Meyer and Herscovitch (2001) Organization (belonging)
Organization (performance)
Organization Goals
Organizational Change
Distinction between focal behavior and discretionary behavior, proposed extension to non-social targets
Herscovitch and Meyer (2002) Organizational ChangeFirst empirical extension of the model towards organizational change
Wasti (2002) OrganizationModel adapted to Turkish culture (collectivist society)
Stinglhamber et al. (2002) Organization Profession Manager Work-group ClientsEmpirical extension of the model to include managers, work-groups and clients
Bentein et al. (2004) OrganizationThe concept of continuance commitment split in two dimensions: perceived sacrifices and perceived lack of alternative (French version)
Powell and Meyer (2004) OrganizationRevision of the continuance commitment scale, distinguishing few perceived alternatives from perceived high sacrifices
Meyer et al. (2006) Social and non-socialProposition of a two-component model distinguishing value-based and exchange-based commitment
Jaros (2007) OrganizationCriticism of the 1990s model and new items propositions
Dawson et al. (2014) Family enterprisesEmpirical study using the model measures heirs’ commitment to family businesses
Mignonac et al. (2015) Franchise organizationEmpirical study using the model measures franchisees’ commitment to franchise organizations
Adam and Fayolle (2015) Entrepreneurial projectFirst propositions adapting the scale to the entrepreneurial context
Tasnim and Singh (2016) Entrepreneurial behaviorEmpirical extension of the model to entrepreneurial behavior with second-order factors, using a sample of successful entrepreneurs
Valéau, 2017 Entrepreneurial professionFirst empirical extension of the model to the entrepreneurial profession, using sample business owners (MEDEF) (French version)
Gabay-Mariani (2022) Entrepreneurial project and Entrepreneurial ProfessionFirst scale of entrepreneurial commitment (French version), distinguishing affective and instrumental commitments
Gabay-Mariani and Boissin (2021) Entrepreneurial project and Entrepreneurial ProfessionFirst empirical test of commitment profiles among nascent entrepreneurs

Source(s): Authors’ own elaboration

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