Summary of descriptive statistics for developed countries' sample
| Variable | Definition | Mean | Median | SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TDTA | Total debt to total assets (%) | 20.61 | 17.95 | 18.04 |
| LSL | Log of sales | 6.12 | 5.94 | 2.00 |
| MTB | Market to book ratio | 2.03 | 1.38 | 2.22 |
| PPETA | Property, plant and equipment, net, scaled by total assets (%) | 27.00 | 23.00 | 23.00 |
| DEPTA | Depreciation to total assets (%) | 3.00 | 2.00 | 3.00 |
| EBITA | Earnings before interest and tax scaled by total assets (%) | 3.00 | 5.00 | 2.95 |
| FAge | Year of establishment | 10.76 | 0 | 22.86 |
| POR | Payout ratio (%) | 18.69 | 4.62 | 17.03 |
| EVTA | Enterprise value to total assets | 1.45 | 0.78 | 1.41 |
| GPDG | Growth rate of GDP (%) | 2.69 | 2.67 | 1.90 |
| INF | Inflation rate (%) | 1.71 | 1.50 | 1.10 |
| INT | Banks' lending rate (%) | 2.77 | 3.00 | 2.01 |
| PCDBM | Private credit by deposit money bank (%) | 118.39 | 124.52 | 27.03 |
| Variable | Definition | Mean | Median | SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TDTA | Total debt to total assets (%) | 20.61 | 17.95 | 18.04 |
| LSL | Log of sales | 6.12 | 5.94 | 2.00 |
| MTB | Market to book ratio | 2.03 | 1.38 | 2.22 |
| PPETA | Property, plant and equipment, net, scaled by total assets (%) | 27.00 | 23.00 | 23.00 |
| DEPTA | Depreciation to total assets (%) | 3.00 | 2.00 | 3.00 |
| EBITA | Earnings before interest and tax scaled by total assets (%) | 3.00 | 5.00 | 2.95 |
| FAge | Year of establishment | 10.76 | 0 | 22.86 |
| POR | Payout ratio (%) | 18.69 | 4.62 | 17.03 |
| EVTA | Enterprise value to total assets | 1.45 | 0.78 | 1.41 |
| GPDG | Growth rate of GDP (%) | 2.69 | 2.67 | 1.90 |
| INF | Inflation rate (%) | 1.71 | 1.50 | 1.10 |
| INT | Banks' lending rate (%) | 2.77 | 3.00 | 2.01 |
| PCDBM | Private credit by deposit money bank (%) | 118.39 | 124.52 | 27.03 |
Note(s): Critical value for testing the difference between two means is 1.96. If the Z-test calculated is greater than the Z-critical value, the null hypotheses that there is no difference between the mean of variables of developed countries and developing countries is rejected
Source(s): Table by Thakur and modified by Matemilola
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