Table 1

A comparison between the magnet categories of different sources

McClure et al. (1983) Urden and Monarch (2002) Kramar and Schmalenberg (2005a) Wolf et al. (2008) 
Three ingredients of magnetism:
  • (1)

    Administration: Management style, Quality of leadership, Organisational structure, Staffing, Personnel policies

  • (2)

    Professional practice: Quality of patient care, Teaching, Image of nursing

  • (3)

    Professional development: Orientation, Inservice and continuing education, Formal education, Career development

14 forces of magnetism:
  • (1)

    Quality of nursing leadership

  • (2)

    Organizational structure

  • (3)

    Management style

  • (4)

    Personnel policies and programs

  • (5)

    Professional models of care

  • (6)

    Quality of care

  • (7)

    Quality improvement

  • (8)

    Consultation and resources

  • (9)

    Autonomy

  • (10)

    Community and the hospital

  • (11)

    Nurses as teachers

  • (12)

    Image of nursing

  • (13)

    Interdisciplinary relationships

  • (14)

    Professional development

Eight essentials of magnetism:
  • (1)

    Working with other nurses who are clinically competent

  • (2)

    Good nurse-physician relationship and communication

  • (3)

    Nurse autonomy and accountability

  • (4)

    Supportive nurse manager or supervisor

  • (5)

    Control over nursing practice and practice environment

  • (6)

    Support for education

  • (7)

    Adequate nurse staffing

  • (8)

    Concern for patient is paramount

Five magnetic components:
  • (1)

    Transformational leadership

  • (2)

    Structural empowerment

  • (3)

    Exemplary professional practice

  • (4)

    New knowledge, innovations and improvement

  • (5)

    Empirical quality outcomes

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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