Table 2 Confirmatory factor analysis...

Table 2

Confirmatory factor analysis

Construct and item		Convergent validity		Internal consistency or reliability
Construct and item		Factor loading	Average variance extracted	Cronbach's alpha	Composite reliability
Co-creation experience: personalization (PN)			0.686	0.867	0.867
PN1	I co-create healthcare services	0.832
PN2	I customize healthcare services as per my requirements	0.834
PN3	I obtain patient-centric healthcare services through co-creation	0.820
Co-creation experience: relative advantage (RA)			0.561	0.860	0.864
RA1	Co-creation enables me to receive better healthcare services	0.690
RA2	Co-creation enables me to receive more creative healthcare services	0.834
RA3	Co-creation enables me to receive more flexible healthcare services	0.833
RA4	Co-creation enables me to receive higher quality healthcare services	0.750
RA5	Co-creation enables me to receive healthcare services that better improves my health	0.634
Co-creation engagement (EN)			0.535	0.818	0.820
EN1	I am attracted to co-creation in healthcare services	0.663
EN2	I learn about co-creation in healthcare services	0.664
EN3	I pay attention to co-creation in healthcare services	0.824
EN4	I spend time on co-creation in healthcare services	0.774
Co-creation self-efficacy (SE)			0.602	0.850	0.857
SE1	I know how to manage my health through co-creation of healthcare services	0.762
SE2	I know the methods to prevent ill health through co-creation of healthcare services	0.853
SE3	I know how to self-care through co-creation of healthcare services	0.824
SE4	I know how to access health information through co-creation of healthcare services	0.664
Value co-creation behavior: participation behavior (PB)			0.726	0.939	0.940
PB4	I actively communicate my needs and preferences to the healthcare professionals	0.714
PB8	I collaboratively engage with healthcare professionals to ensure my health concerns were addressed	0.854
PB9	I proactively share relevant information with the healthcare professionals to assist in my care	0.894
PB10	I constructively participate in discussions with healthcare professionals regarding my treatment	0.903
PB11	I consistently show respect and understanding during interactions with healthcare professionals	0.904
PB12	I consciously refrain from displaying any negative or aggressive behavior towards healthcare professionals	0.842
Value co-creation behavior: citizenship behavior (CB)			0.631	0.871	0.872
CB1	I speak positively about co-creation of healthcare services to others	0.773
CB2	I recommend co-creation of healthcare services to my acquaintances	0.853
CB4	I offer assistance to other patients when they sought to co-create healthcare services	0.783
CB7	I encourage other patients to co-create healthcare services	0.773
Second-order construct					Model fit
Co-creation experience			0.551	0.709	χ²/df = 2.659, GFI = 0.939, AGFI = 0.920, CFI = 0.969, IFI = 0.969, NFI = 0.951, TLI = 0.964, RMSEA = 0.053
Personalization		0.614
Relative advantage		0.544
Value co-creation behavior			0.696	0.887
Participation behavior		0.900
Citizenship behavior		0.764

Construct and item		Convergent validity		Internal consistency or reliability
Construct and item		Factor loading	Average variance extracted	Cronbach's alpha	Composite reliability
Co-creation experience: personalization (PN)			0.686	0.867	0.867
PN1	I co-create healthcare services	0.832
PN2	I customize healthcare services as per my requirements	0.834
PN3	I obtain patient-centric healthcare services through co-creation	0.820
Co-creation experience: relative advantage (RA)			0.561	0.860	0.864
RA1	Co-creation enables me to receive better healthcare services	0.690
RA2	Co-creation enables me to receive more creative healthcare services	0.834
RA3	Co-creation enables me to receive more flexible healthcare services	0.833
RA4	Co-creation enables me to receive higher quality healthcare services	0.750
RA5	Co-creation enables me to receive healthcare services that better improves my health	0.634
Co-creation engagement (EN)			0.535	0.818	0.820
EN1	I am attracted to co-creation in healthcare services	0.663
EN2	I learn about co-creation in healthcare services	0.664
EN3	I pay attention to co-creation in healthcare services	0.824
EN4	I spend time on co-creation in healthcare services	0.774
Co-creation self-efficacy (SE)			0.602	0.850	0.857
SE1	I know how to manage my health through co-creation of healthcare services	0.762
SE2	I know the methods to prevent ill health through co-creation of healthcare services	0.853
SE3	I know how to self-care through co-creation of healthcare services	0.824
SE4	I know how to access health information through co-creation of healthcare services	0.664
Value co-creation behavior: participation behavior (PB)			0.726	0.939	0.940
PB4	I actively communicate my needs and preferences to the healthcare professionals	0.714
PB8	I collaboratively engage with healthcare professionals to ensure my health concerns were addressed	0.854
PB9	I proactively share relevant information with the healthcare professionals to assist in my care	0.894
PB10	I constructively participate in discussions with healthcare professionals regarding my treatment	0.903
PB11	I consistently show respect and understanding during interactions with healthcare professionals	0.904
PB12	I consciously refrain from displaying any negative or aggressive behavior towards healthcare professionals	0.842
Value co-creation behavior: citizenship behavior (CB)			0.631	0.871	0.872
CB1	I speak positively about co-creation of healthcare services to others	0.773
CB2	I recommend co-creation of healthcare services to my acquaintances	0.853
CB4	I offer assistance to other patients when they sought to co-create healthcare services	0.783
CB7	I encourage other patients to co-create healthcare services	0.773
Second-order construct					Model fit
Co-creation experience			0.551	0.709	χ²/df = 2.659, GFI = 0.939, AGFI = 0.920, CFI = 0.969, IFI = 0.969, NFI = 0.951, TLI = 0.964, RMSEA = 0.053
Personalization		0.614
Relative advantage		0.544
Value co-creation behavior			0.696	0.887
Participation behavior		0.900
Citizenship behavior		0.764

Note(s): Nine items (six items from “value co-creation behavior: participation behavior” and three items from “value co-creation behavior: citizenship behavior”) with factor loadings below 0.70 were removed

Source(s): Authors' own compilation

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