Table 4

Direct relationship

HypothesisRelationshipβbStandard error (S.E.)Critical ratio (C.R.)p-valueOutcome
H1Co-creation experience → Value co-creation behavior0.9011.1320.1806.3000.000Supported
H2Co-creation experience → Co-creation self-efficacy0.1700.2370.0952.4820.013Supported
H3Co-creation self-efficacy → Value co-creation behavior0.0190.0170.0600.2910.771Not supported
H4Co-creation experience → Co-creation engagement0.2230.2520.0803.1650.002Supported
H5Co-creation engagement → Value co-creation behavior−0.094−0.1040.084−1.2470.212Not supported
H6Co-creation self-efficacy → Co-creation engagement0.3600.2920.0427.0300.000Supported

Note(s): C.R. = critical ratio. b represents regression weight and β represents standardized regression weight, wherein the standard error, critical ratio, and p-value are generated for the former rather than the latter, as per AMOS v.24 software output

Source(s): Authors' own compilation

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