Model characteristics
| Criterion | Results (n = 124) | Proportion (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Number of latent variables | ||
| Mean | 5.72 | – |
| Median | 5.00 | |
| Range | (2; 14) | |
| Number of inner model path relations | ||
| Mean | 7.60 | - |
| Median | 7.00 | |
| Range | (1; 24) | |
| Measurement model (first-order) | ||
| Only reflective | 119 | 95.97 |
| Only formative | 2 | 1.61 |
| Reflective and formative | 3 | 2.42 |
| Total number of indicators in models | ||
| Mean | 32.58 | – |
| Median | 28.00 | |
| Range | (3; 104) | |
| Number of models with single-item constructs | 14 | 11.29 |
| Number of models with control variables | 11 | 8.87 |
| Number of models with mediation effects | 54 | 43.54 |
| Number of models with interaction effects | 11 | 8.87 |
| Number of models with nonlinear relationships | 1 | 0.80 |
| Number of models with higher-order constructs | 32 | 25.80 |
| Type of second-order constructs | ||
| Type I (reflective-reflective) | 17 | 13.70 |
| Type II (reflective-formative) | 9 | 7.25 |
| Type III (formative-reflective) | 0 | |
| Type IV (formative-formative) | 0 | |
| Both type I and II | 2 | 1.61 |
| Not specified | 4 | 3.22 |
| Specification and estimation of higher-order constructs | ||
| Repeated indicators approach | 3 | 2.41 |
| Two-stage approach | 7 | 5.64 |
| Not specified | 21 | 16.93 |
| Other (mean value of the first-order components' indicators) | 1 | 0.80 |
| Evaluation of higher-order constructs | ||
| Evaluate higher-order constructs using criteria documented in the extant literature | 3 | 2.41 |
| Do not evaluate higher-order constructs at all | 13 | 10.48 |
| Apply the relevant criteria incompletely | 13 | 10.48 |
| Misapply the evaluation criteria | 3 | 2.41 |
| Criterion | Results ( | Proportion (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Number of latent variables | ||
| Mean | 5.72 | – |
| Median | 5.00 | |
| Range | (2; 14) | |
| Number of inner model path relations | ||
| Mean | 7.60 | - |
| Median | 7.00 | |
| Range | (1; 24) | |
| Measurement model (first-order) | ||
| Only reflective | 119 | 95.97 |
| Only formative | 2 | 1.61 |
| Reflective and formative | 3 | 2.42 |
| Total number of indicators in models | ||
| Mean | 32.58 | – |
| Median | 28.00 | |
| Range | (3; 104) | |
| Number of models with single-item constructs | 14 | 11.29 |
| Number of models with control variables | 11 | 8.87 |
| Number of models with mediation effects | 54 | 43.54 |
| Number of models with interaction effects | 11 | 8.87 |
| Number of models with nonlinear relationships | 1 | 0.80 |
| Number of models with higher-order constructs | 32 | 25.80 |
| Type of second-order constructs | ||
| Type I (reflective-reflective) | 17 | 13.70 |
| Type II (reflective-formative) | 9 | 7.25 |
| Type III (formative-reflective) | 0 | |
| Type IV (formative-formative) | 0 | |
| Both type I and II | 2 | 1.61 |
| Not specified | 4 | 3.22 |
| Specification and estimation of higher-order constructs | ||
| Repeated indicators approach | 3 | 2.41 |
| Two-stage approach | 7 | 5.64 |
| Not specified | 21 | 16.93 |
| Other (mean value of the first-order components' indicators) | 1 | 0.80 |
| Evaluation of higher-order constructs | ||
| Evaluate higher-order constructs using criteria documented in the extant literature | 3 | 2.41 |
| Do not evaluate higher-order constructs at all | 13 | 10.48 |
| Apply the relevant criteria incompletely | 13 | 10.48 |
| Misapply the evaluation criteria | 3 | 2.41 |
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