Table 4

First stage results – effect of language literacy on the welfare of women in trade

Variables(1)(2)(3)
Full sampleEnglish sampleFrench sample
Mother's Education0.003***0.0716***0.0003207***
(0.0006317)(0.00316)(0.0000941)
Age−0.0022***−0.01187***−0.000704***
(0.0004158)(0.0013954)(0.0002217)
Square of age0.0000181***0.000076***5.68e-06***
(3.65e-06)(0.0000132)(2.04e-06)
Log(hours worked)0.00468***0.07944***−0.000474***
(0.000879)(0.00647)(0.0001557)
Household head0.00603***0.021914*−0.0019219***
(0.001675)(0.011186)(0.0004294)
Household size−0.0000716**0.001816***−0.0000436***
(0.0000364)(0.0003095)(0.0000114)
Married−0.006277***−0.017798*−0.002268***
(0.0018059)(0.0104035)(0.0007967)
Constant0.0441092***0.3224607***0.0278854***
(0.0078742)(0.041198)(0.0061173)
Regional dummiesYesYesYes
Observations14,46814,46814,402
R-squared0.0820.0560.125
Cragg-Donald F-value37.61591.0919.93
Kleibergen-Paap F-value22.75512.5511.59
Stock-Yogo critical value (10%)16.3816.3816.38

Note(s): Robust standard errors are in parentheses. ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05 and *p < 0.1

Source(s): Authors' construction based on GLSS 7

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