Table 3 Reconciling system dynamics and... | Emerald Publishing

Table 3

Reconciling system dynamics and service ecosystems literature on intervention points

Concepts in system dynamics Meadows (1997, 2008)		Concepts in service ecosystem literature	Description	References	Service ecosystem dynamics (this paper)
Shallow-Leverage Intervention Points	Stocks and flows	Resources	Any substance, idea or thing, contributing to the realization of actors’ or systems’ desired outcomes	Koskela-Huotari and Vargo (2016)	Resource stocks and service flows
		Resource-integrating actors	Actors are agents or resource integrators, whose actions and perceptions are guided by institutional arrangements	Tronvoll (2017), Vargo and Akaka, (2012), Vargo and Lusch (2016)
		Service (-for-service) exchange	The process of actors applying their resources for the benefit of another actor (or themselves)	Vargo and Lusch (2004)
Medium-Leverage Intervention Points	Structure or the rules of the system	Rules and norms of resource integration and value cocreation	The actor-generated and often relatively taken-for-granted rules and norms that guide how value is cocreated through resource integration and service-for-service exchange	Baron et al. (2018), Edvardsson et al. (2018), Koskela-Huotari et al. (2016), Vargo and Lusch (2016)	Rules and norms
Deep-Leverage Intervention Points	Purpose and paradigm	Shared purpose(s)	Emerging purpose based on mutual value creation, so that the ecosystem and its sub-system(s) can strive for long-term viability and wellbeing	Barile et al. (2016), Storbacka et al. (2016), Taillard et al. (2016), Wieland et al., (2012)	Purposes and worldviews
Deep-Leverage Intervention Points	Purpose and paradigm	Shared worldview(s)	Mental models (assumptions and beliefs) that provide logical coherence in guiding actors’ perceptions and judgments of the world	Banoun et al. (2016), Frow et al. (2019), Lusch and Nambisan (2015)	Purposes and worldviews

Concepts in system dynamics Meadows (1997, 2008)		Concepts in service ecosystem literature	Description	References	Service ecosystem dynamics (this paper)
Shallow-LeverageIntervention Points	Stocks and flows	Resources	Any substance, idea or thing, contributing to the realization of actors’ or systems’ desired outcomes	Koskela-Huotari and Vargo (2016)	Resource stocks and service flows
		Resource-integrating actors	Actors are agents or resource integrators, whose actions and perceptions are guided by institutional arrangements	Tronvoll (2017), Vargo and Akaka, (2012), Vargo and Lusch (2016)
		Service (-for-service) exchange	The process of actors applying their resources for the benefit of another actor (or themselves)	Vargo and Lusch (2004)
Medium-Leverage Intervention Points	Structure or the rules of the system	Rules and norms of resource integration and value cocreation	The actor-generated and often relatively taken-for-granted rules and norms that guide how value is cocreated through resource integration and service-for-service exchange	Baron et al. (2018), Edvardsson et al. (2018), Koskela-Huotari et al. (2016), Vargo and Lusch (2016)	Rules and norms
Deep-Leverage Intervention Points	Purpose and paradigm	Shared purpose(s)	Emerging purpose based on mutual value creation, so that the ecosystem and its sub-system(s) can strive for long-term viability and wellbeing	Barile et al. (2016), Storbacka et al. (2016), Taillard et al. (2016), Wieland et al., (2012)	Purposes and worldviews
Deep-Leverage Intervention Points	Purpose and paradigm	Shared worldview(s)	Mental models (assumptions and beliefs) that provide logical coherence in guiding actors’ perceptions and judgments of the world	Banoun et al. (2016), Frow et al. (2019), Lusch and Nambisan (2015)	Purposes and worldviews

Source(s): The above table was created by the authors