Summary statistics of the study participants according to nomophobia status/severity
| Variable | No nomophobia n = 16 (1%) | Mild nomophobia n = 389 (22%) | Moderate nomophobia n = 913 (53%) | Severe nomophobia n = 413 (24%) | p-value | ES |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (Male) | 6 (38%) | 172 (44%) | 387 (42%) | 171 (41%) | 0.8 | 0.1 |
| Marital status (Single) | 14 (88%) | 252 (65%) | 647 (71%) | 312 (75%) | 0.04 | 0.1 |
| Traffic contraventions | 3 (19%) | 70 (41%) | 202 (22%) | 208 (50%) | <0.001 | 0.3 |
| Age | 37 ± 11 | 35 ± 12 | 33 ± 12 | 31 ± 12 | <0.001 | 0.1 |
| NMPQ Score | 20 ± 1 | 45 ± 10 | 80 ± 11 | 114 ± 11 | <0.001 | 0.8 |
| Not being able to communicate | 6 ± 1 | 14 ± 5 | 25 ± 6 | 36 ± 5 | <0.001 | 0.6 |
| Losing connectedness | 5 ± 1 | 9 ± 4 | 17 ± 6 | 27 ± 5 | <0.001 | 0.6 |
| Not being able to access information | 4 ± 1 | 11 ± 4 | 18 ± 5 | 23 ± 4 | <0.001 | 0.5 |
| Giving up convenience | 5 ± 1 | 12 ± 5 | 20 ± 6 | 28 ± 5 | <0.001 | 0.6 |
| Variable | No nomophobia n = 16 (1%) | Mild nomophobia n = 389 (22%) | Moderate nomophobia n = 913 (53%) | Severe nomophobia n = 413 (24%) | ES | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (Male) | 6 (38%) | 172 (44%) | 387 (42%) | 171 (41%) | 0.8 | 0.1 |
| Marital status (Single) | 14 (88%) | 252 (65%) | 647 (71%) | 312 (75%) | 0.04 | 0.1 |
| Traffic contraventions | 3 (19%) | 70 (41%) | 202 (22%) | 208 (50%) | <0.001 | 0.3 |
| Age | 37 ± 11 | 35 ± 12 | 33 ± 12 | 31 ± 12 | <0.001 | 0.1 |
| NMPQ Score | 20 ± 1 | 45 ± 10 | 80 ± 11 | 114 ± 11 | <0.001 | 0.8 |
| Not being able to communicate | 6 ± 1 | 14 ± 5 | 25 ± 6 | 36 ± 5 | <0.001 | 0.6 |
| Losing connectedness | 5 ± 1 | 9 ± 4 | 17 ± 6 | 27 ± 5 | <0.001 | 0.6 |
| Not being able to access information | 4 ± 1 | 11 ± 4 | 18 ± 5 | 23 ± 4 | <0.001 | 0.5 |
| Giving up convenience | 5 ± 1 | 12 ± 5 | 20 ± 6 | 28 ± 5 | <0.001 | 0.6 |
Note(s): Results presented as mean ± standard deviation for continuous data or frequency counts and percentage for categorical data; NMP-Q = Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q); ES = effect size; significant at p < 0.05; ES = effect size for categorical variables, Cramer's V effect sizes were provided, and for continuous variables, eta squared η2. Traffic contravention was a behavior that violated traffic regulations throughout the last four weeks
Source(s): Table by authors
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