Table 4

The level of items, domains and total HCW needs (n = 627)

Item no.ItemMeanSD
20The use of PPE limits my communication with others2.481.37
21There is not enough physical space provided while working1.741.40
22It takes more time to prepare myself to get ready for duty than pre-COVID-191.911.45
23I experience longer working hours during this pandemic2.451.42
24There is an insufficient number of PPE stock available to protect staff in the current situation and during a rapid surge of patients1.391.37
25There is a limited number of rooms to isolate patients with COVID-191.901.48
26There is limited availability of N95 masks1.571.46
27There are no clear guidelines to specifically address employees with suspected or known exposure to COVID-191.201.34
Summary statistics of the composite variables
AThephysiologicneedsdomain2.410.91
BThe education and perceived knowledge domain0.820.64
CThe operational needs domain1.830.88
 The total of HCW’s needs1.710.62

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