Variance inflation factor test
| Variable | VIF | 1/VIF |
|---|---|---|
| D&O | 1.05 | 0.948 |
| Size | 1.99 | 0.502 |
| Lev | 2.38 | 0.421 |
| Growth | 1.03 | 0.971 |
| Dir | 1.12 | 0.889 |
| Top1 | 1.10 | 0.909 |
| ROE | 1.88 | 0.531 |
| Loss | 1.80 | 0.554 |
| OCF | 1.14 | 0.880 |
| LR | 1.82 | 0.549 |
| Dual | 1.05 | 0.948 |
| BM | 2.03 | 0.493 |
| Board | 1.22 | 0.817 |
| VIF mean | 1.51 | |
| Variable | VIF | 1/VIF |
|---|---|---|
| 1.05 | 0.948 | |
| 1.99 | 0.502 | |
| 2.38 | 0.421 | |
| 1.03 | 0.971 | |
| 1.12 | 0.889 | |
| 1.10 | 0.909 | |
| 1.88 | 0.531 | |
| 1.80 | 0.554 | |
| 1.14 | 0.880 | |
| 1.82 | 0.549 | |
| 1.05 | 0.948 | |
| 2.03 | 0.493 | |
| 1.22 | 0.817 | |
| 1.51 | ||
Source(s): Table by authors
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