Table 3 Critical barriers of TPM...

Table 3

Critical barriers of TPM implementation

Category	Critical barriers of TPM implementation	Responses		Rank
Category	Critical barriers of TPM implementation	Frequency	%	Rank
1. Behavioral	Lack of top management commitment	54	41.86	1
	Employee resistance	30	23.26	2
	Lack of clear vision	19	14.73	3
	Poor coordination between maintenance and production	18	13.95	4
	Lack of focus to maintenance activities	8	6.20	5
	Total	129	100.00
2. Strategic	Poor structure to support TPM initiatives	43	27.56	1
	Ineffective long-term planning	34	21.79	2
	Non-clarity of organizational objectives	34	21.79	3
	Failure to allow sufficient time for evolution	25	16.03	4
	Non-clarity of organization policy on TPM	20	12.82	5
	Total	156	100.00
3. Technical	Lack of training and development	57	24.68	1
	Lack of understanding of TPM concepts and principles	51	22.08	2
	Lack of technical knowledge	49	21.21	3
	Lack of educated workforce	44	19.05	4
	Absence of computerized maintenance management system (CMMS)	30	12.99
	Total	231	100.00
4. Human and cultural	Lack of coordination	45	0.23	1
	Lack of motivation	44	0.23	2
	Inability to change organizational culture	44	0.23	2
	Unwillingness of human resources to adopt TPM	36	0.19	3
	Less empowerment	25	0.13	4
	Total	194	100.00
5. Operational	Lack of follow up of progress of TPM initiatives	52	30.23	1
	Lack of standard operating procedure	41	23.84	2
	Poor workplace environment	31	18.02	3
	Inadequate use of tools, techniques and methodologies	28	16.28	4
	Absence of preventive maintenance schedule	20	11.63	5
	Total	172	100.00
6. Financial	Lack of sufficient budget for TPM	50	53.19	1
	Return on investment from TPM is not immediate	27	28.72	2
	TPM is too expensive to implement	17	18.09	3
	Total	94	100.00

Category	Critical barriers of TPM implementation	Responses		Rank
Category	Critical barriers of TPM implementation	Frequency	%	Rank
1. Behavioral	Lack of top management commitment	54	41.86	1
	Employee resistance	30	23.26	2
	Lack of clear vision	19	14.73	3
	Poor coordination between maintenance and production	18	13.95	4
	Lack of focus to maintenance activities	8	6.20	5
	Total	129	100.00
2. Strategic	Poor structure to support TPM initiatives	43	27.56	1
	Ineffective long-term planning	34	21.79	2
	Non-clarity of organizational objectives	34	21.79	3
	Failure to allow sufficient time for evolution	25	16.03	4
	Non-clarity of organization policy on TPM	20	12.82	5
	Total	156	100.00
3. Technical	Lack of training and development	57	24.68	1
	Lack of understanding of TPM concepts and principles	51	22.08	2
	Lack of technical knowledge	49	21.21	3
	Lack of educated workforce	44	19.05	4
	Absence of computerized maintenance management system (CMMS)	30	12.99
	Total	231	100.00
4. Human and cultural	Lack of coordination	45	0.23	1
	Lack of motivation	44	0.23	2
	Inability to change organizational culture	44	0.23	2
	Unwillingness of human resources to adopt TPM	36	0.19	3
	Less empowerment	25	0.13	4
	Total	194	100.00
5. Operational	Lack of follow up of progress of TPM initiatives	52	30.23	1
	Lack of standard operating procedure	41	23.84	2
	Poor workplace environment	31	18.02	3
	Inadequate use of tools, techniques and methodologies	28	16.28	4
	Absence of preventive maintenance schedule	20	11.63	5
	Total	172	100.00
6. Financial	Lack of sufficient budget for TPM	50	53.19	1
	Return on investment from TPM is not immediate	27	28.72	2
	TPM is too expensive to implement	17	18.09	3
	Total	94	100.00

Source(s): Table created by author

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