Variables and definitions
| Variables | Description | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| OFDI (DV) | Chinese outward direct investment (Stock) | China Statistical Bulletin |
| POP (CV) | The total population of the countries | WDI* |
| RR (IV) | Total natural resources rents (% of GDP) | WDI |
| GDPP (IV) | GDP per capita (current US$) | WDI |
| GDP (IV) | GDP (current US$) | WDI |
| INF (CV) | Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | WDI |
| TR (CV) | Trade (% of GDP) | WDI |
| GFCF (CV) | Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) | WDI |
| COR | Host country corruption level | WDI |
| RUL | Host country rule of law level | WDI |
| REG | Host country regulatory quality level | WDI |
| GOV | Host country government effectiveness level | WDI |
| POL | Host country political stability level | WDI |
| VOICE | Host country voice and transparency corruption level | WDI |
| chi_COR | China corruption level | WGI** |
| chi_RUL | China rule of law level | WGI |
| chi_REG | China regulatory quality level | WGI |
| chi_GOV | China government effectiveness level | WGI |
| chi_POL | China political stability level | WGI |
| chi_VOICE | China vice and transparency level | WGI |
| Distance of corruption | Corruption difference between Africa and China | WGI (calculated) |
| Distance rule of law | Rule of law difference between Africa and China | WGI (calculated) |
| Distance regulatory quality | Regulatory quality difference between Africa and China | WGI (calculated) |
| Distance government effectiveness | Government effectiveness difference between Africa and China | WGI (calculated) |
| Distance political instability | Political instability difference between Africa and China | WGI (calculated) |
| Distance voice and accountability | Voice and accountability difference between Africa and China | WGI (calculated) |
| Variables | Description | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| OFDI (DV) | Chinese outward direct investment (Stock) | China Statistical Bulletin |
| POP (CV) | The total population of the countries | WDI* |
| RR (IV) | Total natural resources rents (% of GDP) | WDI |
| GDPP (IV) | GDP per capita (current US$) | WDI |
| GDP (IV) | GDP (current US$) | WDI |
| INF (CV) | Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | WDI |
| TR (CV) | Trade (% of GDP) | WDI |
| GFCF (CV) | Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) | WDI |
| COR | Host country corruption level | WDI |
| RUL | Host country rule of law level | WDI |
| REG | Host country regulatory quality level | WDI |
| GOV | Host country government effectiveness level | WDI |
| POL | Host country political stability level | WDI |
| VOICE | Host country voice and transparency corruption level | WDI |
| chi_COR | China corruption level | WGI** |
| chi_RUL | China rule of law level | WGI |
| chi_REG | China regulatory quality level | WGI |
| chi_GOV | China government effectiveness level | WGI |
| chi_POL | China political stability level | WGI |
| chi_VOICE | China vice and transparency level | WGI |
| Distance of corruption | Corruption difference between Africa and China | WGI (calculated) |
| Distance rule of law | Rule of law difference between Africa and China | WGI (calculated) |
| Distance regulatory quality | Regulatory quality difference between Africa and China | WGI (calculated) |
| Distance government effectiveness | Government effectiveness difference between Africa and China | WGI (calculated) |
| Distance political instability | Political instability difference between Africa and China | WGI (calculated) |
| Distance voice and accountability | Voice and accountability difference between Africa and China | WGI (calculated) |
Note(s): DV = Dependent variable; IV = Independent variable; CV = Control variable
*World Development Indicator; ** World Governance Indicator
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