Table 5

Mapping factors of the new taxonomy to I4.0 reference architecture models

DomainSubdomainRAMI4.0NIST-SMEIMSAIIRAIVRA
TechnologyAdvanced ITXXXXX
Data-and informationXXXX 
ProductICT functionalities on productsXXXX 
Data analytics feature on productsXXXX 
Operation/processIntegrationXXXXX
Inventory and supply chainXXXXX
QualityXXXXX
ResourceAsset utilisationXX XX
EmployeeXX  X
CultureCollaboration
willingness to change
X XX 
Organisation governanceDigital leadership capability    X
Innovation managementXX  X
Agility X   
Investment for I4.0X X X
Strategy for I4.0XXXXX

Source(s): Authors’ work

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