Descriptive analysis
| Variable | Obs | Mean | Std. Dev | Min | Max |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ESG | 1,437 | 41,439 | 21,274 | 0.31 | 91.48 |
| ENVIR | 1,437 | 35,265 | 27,169 | 0.00 | 96.28 |
| SOCIA | 1,437 | 41,417 | 24,213 | 0.66 | 94.97 |
| GOVER | 1,437 | 50,377 | 23,664 | 0.16 | 98.56 |
| RULLAW | 1,437 | 1,254 | 0.763 | −0.79 | 1.84 |
| ECOFRE | 1,437 | 72,359 | 8,407 | 43.8 | 81.00 |
| EDUIND | 1,437 | 16,351 | 1,939 | 11.9 | 23.10 |
| TRAINT | 1,437 | 7,702 | 0.612 | 5.20 | 8.77 |
| MARKCAP | 1,437 | 9,162 | 0.912 | 5.61 | 12.28 |
| ROE | 1,437 | 0.024 | 0.737 | −20.09 | 2.64 |
| FIRMSIZE | 1,437 | 9,490 | 0.869 | 6.54 | 11.76 |
| LEVERAGE | 1,437 | 0.763 | 2,152 | −1.51 | 31.4 |
| BOARDSIZE | 1,437 | 8,721 | 2,758 | 1.00 | 22.0 |
| BOARDIND | 1,437 | 65,089 | 22,974 | 0.00 | 100 |
| BOARDIVER | 1,437 | 15,237 | 12,446 | 0.00 | 62.5 |
| CSRCOM | 1,437 | 0.582 | 0.493 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| UNSIGN | 1,437 | 0.128 | 0.335 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| Variable | Obs | Mean | Std. Dev | Min | Max |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ESG | 1,437 | 41,439 | 21,274 | 0.31 | 91.48 |
| ENVIR | 1,437 | 35,265 | 27,169 | 0.00 | 96.28 |
| SOCIA | 1,437 | 41,417 | 24,213 | 0.66 | 94.97 |
| GOVER | 1,437 | 50,377 | 23,664 | 0.16 | 98.56 |
| RULLAW | 1,437 | 1,254 | 0.763 | −0.79 | 1.84 |
| ECOFRE | 1,437 | 72,359 | 8,407 | 43.8 | 81.00 |
| EDUIND | 1,437 | 16,351 | 1,939 | 11.9 | 23.10 |
| TRAINT | 1,437 | 7,702 | 0.612 | 5.20 | 8.77 |
| MARKCAP | 1,437 | 9,162 | 0.912 | 5.61 | 12.28 |
| ROE | 1,437 | 0.024 | 0.737 | −20.09 | 2.64 |
| FIRMSIZE | 1,437 | 9,490 | 0.869 | 6.54 | 11.76 |
| LEVERAGE | 1,437 | 0.763 | 2,152 | −1.51 | 31.4 |
| BOARDSIZE | 1,437 | 8,721 | 2,758 | 1.00 | 22.0 |
| BOARDIND | 1,437 | 65,089 | 22,974 | 0.00 | 100 |
| BOARDIVER | 1,437 | 15,237 | 12,446 | 0.00 | 62.5 |
| CSRCOM | 1,437 | 0.582 | 0.493 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| UNSIGN | 1,437 | 0.128 | 0.335 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
Source(s): Table created by author
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