Table 2 Definitions and... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Definitions and operationalization of study measures

Measures	Definition and operationalization	References
Affordances	Affordances are referred to the goal-oriented action possibilities that a technological object offers to the users. In this study context, affordances are actions or behaviors made possible by blockchain such as enabling users to access product information, trace the origin of the product, and ascertain its truthfulness, and are conceptualized as transparency, traceability, and immutability	Volkoff and Strong (2017)
Efficiency	Efficiency value deals with the resources for obtaining service, while consumers' perception of efficiency depends on transactional efficiency and timesaving. It is operationalized as consumers' perception of blockchain based app capacity to speed up their decision making by effectively utilizing the product knowledge to assess its sustainability	Mathwick et al. (2002)
Social impression	Social value (i.e. social impression) is an advantage to one’s social standing resulting from using an offering. We operationalized it as the perceived social impression connected to buying sustainable products made possible through blockchain based apps	Alan et al. (2016), Lu et al. (2016)
Trust	Trust has been conceptualized as an emotional trust, highlighting the feelings of consumers including comfort and security about relying on blockchain based brand app	Xiao and Benbasat (2003)
Sustainability information clarity	We have operationalized sustainability information clarity as a conditional value when consumers are provided with transparent and verifiable information to make their choices	Laroche et al. (2001)

Measures	Definition and operationalization	References
Affordances	Affordances are referred to the goal-oriented action possibilities that a technological object offers to the users. In this study context, affordances are actions or behaviors made possible by blockchain such as enabling users to access product information, trace the origin of the product, and ascertain its truthfulness, and are conceptualized as transparency, traceability, and immutability	Volkoff and Strong (2017)
Efficiency	Efficiency value deals with the resources for obtaining service, while consumers' perception of efficiency depends on transactional efficiency and timesaving. It is operationalized as consumers' perception of blockchain based app capacity to speed up their decision making by effectively utilizing the product knowledge to assess its sustainability	Mathwick et al. (2002)
Social impression	Social value (i.e. social impression) is an advantage to one’s social standing resulting from using an offering. We operationalized it as the perceived social impression connected to buying sustainable products made possible through blockchain based apps	Alan et al. (2016), Lu et al. (2016)
Trust	Trust has been conceptualized as an emotional trust, highlighting the feelings of consumers including comfort and security about relying on blockchain based brand app	Xiao and Benbasat (2003)
Sustainability information clarity	We have operationalized sustainability information clarity as a conditional value when consumers are provided with transparent and verifiable information to make their choices	Laroche et al. (2001)