Table 1. Mapping the contributions of...

Table 1.

Mapping the contributions of immersive technologies in hospitality and tourism

	Impact on perceptions, intentions or behaviors	Challenges/opportunities in creating new experiences	Impact on sensory stimulation emotions
1	VR media improves the sense of presence and visit intentions	VR media partially replaces physical experiences at destinations	VR content influences sensory and emotional perception, affecting consumer decisions
2	VR strengthens place attachment and increases visit intentions to rural destinations	VR strengthens place attachment and increases visit intentions to rural destinations
3	VR experiences improve destination image and increase visit intentions	VR enhances the perception of destinations, offering an alternative to physical visits	VR immersion alters emotions and perceptions, increasing visit intentions
4	IT positively influences behavioral responses and visit intent in destination marketing	IT offer new opportunities to enhance destination marketing campaigns	Immersive experiences intensify emotional responses, increasing visit intentions
5	VR enhances the sense of presence and authenticity in museum tourism and impacts decisions	VR offers new ways to experience cultural heritage, complementing or replacing physical visits to museums	Perceived presence in VR enhances authenticity and stimulates emotional responses in museums
6	Integrating fashion elements into VR experiences improves satisfaction in virtual tourism	Integrating fashion in VR creates personalized and engaging experiences	Fashion in VR stimulates emotions and improves satisfaction
7		AR enhances the heritage tourism experience and awe boosts recommendations	AR induces emotions of awe that enhance heritage experiences and recommendations
8	VR adds modernism and luxury to hotels, increasing booking intentions	VR improves the consumer experience but requires infrastructure and staff training	VR intensifies sensory and emotional stimulation, increasing satisfaction
9		Body-technology integration (embodiment, ergonomics) in VR tourism creates memorable experiences	Embodiment and ergonomics in VR enhance sensory stimulation and creates memorable experiences
10		IT encourage more responsible travel behaviors, creating new opportunities for sustainability in tourism	ITs raise awareness and empathy, stimulating emotional responses that promote responsible travel
11	Immersive VR increases the sense of presence but also increases the cognitive load	Cognitive load and presence must be balanced in immersive interfaces	VR enhances sensory load and presence, affecting users' emotional responses
12	Robots and AI facilitate social inclusion in the hotel sector	Robots and AI can increase social inclusion, but the implementation has challenges
13	Anthropomorphic virtual agents influence consumers' perceptions and behaviors in digital service interactions	Virtual agents enable service personalization but face challenges in their implementation
14	IT increases tourist satisfaction and loyalty through increased customer engagement and perceived value	IT present opportunities to improve customer satisfaction and enhance loyalty but pose challenges in their implementation
15	Immersive AI affects both the perception of luxury and differentiation in luxury hospitality	Immersive AI redefines the luxury experience, creating a balance between personalization and exclusivity
16	Metaverse immersion complements physical visits but does not replace them entirely	Metaverse trips complement physical destination visits, but there is a need to balance both worlds
17		Biometric data collection presents Challenges (privacy) and opportunities (personalization, confidence)
18	Virtual interactivity, social interaction, perceived control, usefulness and trust increase intentions to use IT	IT may enhance travel experiences (novelty or interactivity) but also raise challenges (ease of use or risks)

	Impact on perceptions, intentions or behaviors	Challenges/opportunities in creating new experiences	Impact on sensory stimulation emotions
1	VR media improves the sense of presence and visit intentions	VR media partially replaces physical experiences at destinations	VR content influences sensory and emotional perception, affecting consumer decisions
2	VR strengthens place attachment and increases visit intentions to rural destinations	VR strengthens place attachment and increases visit intentions to rural destinations
3	VR experiences improve destination image and increase visit intentions	VR enhances the perception of destinations, offering an alternative to physical visits	VR immersion alters emotions and perceptions, increasing visit intentions
4	IT positively influences behavioral responses and visit intent in destination marketing	IT offer new opportunities to enhance destination marketing campaigns	Immersive experiences intensify emotional responses, increasing visit intentions
5	VR enhances the sense of presence and authenticity in museum tourism and impacts decisions	VR offers new ways to experience cultural heritage, complementing or replacing physical visits to museums	Perceived presence in VR enhances authenticity and stimulates emotional responses in museums
6	Integrating fashion elements into VR experiences improves satisfaction in virtual tourism	Integrating fashion in VR creates personalized and engaging experiences	Fashion in VR stimulates emotions and improves satisfaction
7		AR enhances the heritage tourism experience and awe boosts recommendations	AR induces emotions of awe that enhance heritage experiences and recommendations
8	VR adds modernism and luxury to hotels, increasing booking intentions	VR improves the consumer experience but requires infrastructure and staff training	VR intensifies sensory and emotional stimulation, increasing satisfaction
9		Body-technology integration (embodiment, ergonomics) in VR tourism creates memorable experiences	Embodiment and ergonomics in VR enhance sensory stimulation and creates memorable experiences
10		IT encourage more responsible travel behaviors, creating new opportunities for sustainability in tourism	ITs raise awareness and empathy, stimulating emotional responses that promote responsible travel
11	Immersive VR increases the sense of presence but also increases the cognitive load	Cognitive load and presence must be balanced in immersive interfaces	VR enhances sensory load and presence, affecting users' emotional responses
12	Robots and AI facilitate social inclusion in the hotel sector	Robots and AI can increase social inclusion, but the implementation has challenges
13	Anthropomorphic virtual agents influence consumers' perceptions and behaviors in digital service interactions	Virtual agents enable service personalization but face challenges in their implementation
14	IT increases tourist satisfaction and loyalty through increased customer engagement and perceived value	IT present opportunities to improve customer satisfaction and enhance loyalty but pose challenges in their implementation
15	Immersive AI affects both the perception of luxury and differentiation in luxury hospitality	Immersive AI redefines the luxury experience, creating a balance between personalization and exclusivity
16	Metaverse immersion complements physical visits but does not replace them entirely	Metaverse trips complement physical destination visits, but there is a need to balance both worlds
17		Biometric data collection presentsChallenges (privacy) and opportunities (personalization, confidence)
18	Virtual interactivity, social interaction, perceived control, usefulness and trust increase intentions to use IT	IT may enhance travel experiences (novelty or interactivity) but also raise challenges (ease of use or risks)

Notes:

1 = Yu et al. (2024); 2 = Pantelidis et al. (2024); 3 = Anaya-Sánchez et al. (2024); 4 = Di Dalmazi et al. (2024); 5 = Li et al. (2024); 6 = Elmashhara et al. (2024); 7 = Nascimento and Loureiro (2024); 8 = Lodhi et al. (2024); 9 = Balakrishnan et al. (2024); 10 = Fatma and Bhatt (2024); 11 = Martínez-Molés et al. (2024); 12 = Gonzalez-Jimenez and Costa Pinto (2024); 13 = Ben Saad (2024); 14 = Abou-Shouk et al. (2024); 15 = Gonçalves et al. (2024); 16 = Cheung et al. (2024); 17 = Liyanaarachchi et al. (2023); 18 = Pancy and Sujood (2024); AI = artificial intelligence; AR = augmented reality; IT = immersive technologies; VR = virtual reality

Source: Created by authors

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