Frequently mentioned economic and ecological aspects of measures
| Principle | Mainly technological | Mainly processual | Technological and processual |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reduce | costs, payback period | (lead, cycle, queuing, setup, idle, etc.) time, costs, product quality, productivity (incl. OEE), profit | (cycle, lead) time, costs |
| BOD/COD, CO2, pollution in general | energy, CO2, material consumption, water, operating supplies, solid waste | energy, operating supplies, water, waste, CO2 | |
| Replace | costs, (setup, lead, cycle) time, profit, productivity, product quality | no indication possible due to low number of cases | costs, flexibility |
| energy, GHG, material consumption | waste, energy, CO2, material consumption | ||
| Recycle | production costs, capital costs, payback period | costs | costs, profit |
| energy, operating supplies, (waste)water | energy, operating supplies | waste, energy, CO2, water, waste water, COD |
| Principle | Mainly technological | Mainly processual | Technological and processual |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reduce | costs, payback period | (lead, cycle, queuing, setup, idle, etc.) time, costs, product quality, productivity (incl. OEE), profit | (cycle, lead) time, costs |
| BOD/COD, CO2, pollution in general | energy, CO2, material consumption, water, operating supplies, solid waste | energy, operating supplies, water, waste, CO2 | |
| Replace | costs, (setup, lead, cycle) time, profit, productivity, product quality | no indication possible due to low number of cases | costs, flexibility |
| energy, GHG, material consumption | waste, energy, CO2, material consumption | ||
| Recycle | production costs, capital costs, payback period | costs | costs, profit |
| energy, operating supplies, (waste)water | energy, operating supplies | waste, energy, CO2, water, waste water, COD |
Note(s): BOD: biochemical oxygen demand; COD: chemical oxygen demand; GHG: greenhouse gas; OEE: overall equipment effectiveness
Source(s): Authors’ own elaboration
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