Institutional pressures as barriers
| Aggregate Themes Second-order codes: Barriers | First-order codes (significant statements) |
|---|---|
| |
| Lack of finance | “We have the economic barrier. Because as a project idea everyone has always liked it, but we have had to support it financially for a long time as partners.” (R1) |
| High implementation costs | “They demand a laboratory from you as if you were Garnier.” (R2) |
| Stricter laws or lack of regulation | “The biggest obstacle is the regulations themselves.” (R2) “ … we do it [public contracting] with firms of this type, because nobody forces you, and they usually hire the biggest or the ones with the biggest name.” (R2) |
| Punitive policies | “Those who do not work in this line [firms] are going to have a barrier to enter the market because the legislation itself is already going to be taking care of saying you cannot do this type of thing if you are not able to take care of the subsequent phase or to have the subsequent phase managed.” (R3) |
| |
| High product prices | “Because organic products are a little bit more expensive, they are not competitive.” (R4) |
| High raw materials costs | “Farmers [ …] think that it means an increase in costs or a drop in productivity, which undermine their already low profitability.” (R4) |
| Lack of specific entrepreneurial skills | “Firms lack sufficient capacities to undertake circular businesses.” (R6) |
| Lack of trust (in institutions) | “But there is still a huge lack of sensitivity [ …] States are not really committed. If these big summits are held and the necessary agreements are not reached to really seriously consider the fight against climate change, this transcends to the population. It’s going to be slow work.” (R3) |
| Lack of trust (among institutions) | “There is No collaboration between firms, institutions, Chamber of Commerce, Federation of entrepreneurs [ …] Many times because of political interests.” (R10) |
| Lack of communication | “SMEs either believe fervently in this [circular economy] or you have to sell them that they will make a profit. And this is not being done well.” (R9) “If you are not sensitised. And they don’t make it easy for you. Then you don’t do it.” (R9) |
| Lack of institutional entrepreneurs | “We have to stop being opaque. [ …] We don’t know what is done at the University.” (R10) “The institutions don’t move.” (R10) “There are people in the institutions that do not vibrate with this.” (R7) |
| Lack of vision | “Day to day life consumes them [firms] and they don’t see the opportunities of the circular economy.” (R8) “There is a problem which is immediacy, and this cannot be done quickly, it is progressive, as with innovations.” (R6) |
| Lack of dynamism/Immobility | “The main barrier is the traditional immobility of the construction sector.” (R5) |
| |
| Lack of awareness | “Farmers are not aware.” (R4) |
| Lack of comprehension | “Nobody tells you how it’s done.” (R9) “Those firms clearly see that the Circular Economy is going to be an opportunity for them. But it’s not being communicated well. Communication needs to be simplified.” (R8) |
| First-order codes (significant statements) | |
|---|---|
| Lack of finance | “We have the economic barrier. Because as a project idea everyone has always liked it, but we have had to support it financially for a long time as partners.” (R1) |
| High implementation costs | “They demand a laboratory from you as if you were Garnier.” (R2) |
| Stricter laws or lack of regulation | “The biggest obstacle is the regulations themselves.” (R2) |
| Punitive policies | “Those who do not work in this line [firms] are going to have a barrier to enter the market because the legislation itself is already going to be taking care of saying you cannot do this type of thing if you are not able to take care of the subsequent phase or to have the subsequent phase managed.” (R3) |
| High product prices | “Because organic products are a little bit more expensive, they are not competitive.” (R4) |
| High raw materials costs | “Farmers [ …] think that it means an increase in costs or a drop in productivity, which undermine their already low profitability.” (R4) |
| Lack of specific entrepreneurial skills | “Firms lack sufficient capacities to undertake circular businesses.” (R6) |
| Lack of trust (in institutions) | “But there is still a huge lack of sensitivity [ …] States are not really committed. If these big summits are held and the necessary agreements are not reached to really seriously consider the fight against climate change, this transcends to the population. It’s going to be slow work.” (R3) |
| Lack of trust (among institutions) | “There is No collaboration between firms, institutions, Chamber of Commerce, Federation of entrepreneurs [ …] Many times because of political interests.” (R10) |
| Lack of communication | “SMEs either believe fervently in this [circular economy] or you have to sell them that they will make a profit. And this is not being done well.” (R9) |
| Lack of institutional entrepreneurs | “We have to stop being opaque. [ …] We don’t know what is done at the University.” (R10) |
| Lack of vision | “Day to day life consumes them [firms] and they don’t see the opportunities of the circular economy.” (R8) |
| Lack of dynamism/Immobility | “The main barrier is the traditional immobility of the construction sector.” (R5) |
| Lack of awareness | “Farmers are not aware.” (R4) |
| Lack of comprehension | “Nobody tells you how it’s done.” (R9) |
Source(s): Created by authors
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