Table A1

Constructs and underlying items with literature sources

ConstructIndicatorDescriptionAdapted from
Attitude towards MCTAATT1I am happy to download and use COVID-19 contact tracing appsSun et al. (2013) 
ATT2I believe using COVID-19 contact tracing apps is a good idea
Intention to useUSE1It is very likely that I would use COVID-19 contact tracing appsSame as above
USE2Using COVID-19 contact tracing apps on my mobile phone is something I would do
Perceived behavioral controlPBC 1I should have control over using the COVID-19 contact tracing appsSame as above
PBC 2I have the resources necessary to use the COVID-19 contact tracing apps
PBC 3I have the knowledge necessary to use the COVID-19 contact tracing app
Subjective normsSBN1I will be happy to use COVID-19 contact tracing apps if people who influence my behaviour think that I should use itVenkatesh and Bala (2008) 
SBN2If people who are important to me think that the contact tracing apps is good then I will consider using it
SBN3Overall, using contact tracing apps will depend heavily on peers' and family members' influence
Personal normsPNM1I feel that I have an ethical/moral obligation to support the use of COVID-19 contact tracing appsChatzidakis et al. (2016) 
PNM2I personally feel I should support the use of the COVID-19 contact tracing apps
PNM3Supporting the COVID-19 contact tracing app would be the right thing for me to do 
Information privacyIPC 1I'm concerned about data collected by the COVID-19 contact tracing apps without my permissionMani and Chouk (2019) 
IPC 2I'm concerned about the use of my personal data without my consent
IPC 3In general, I'm concerned about threats to my personal privacy
Perceived barriers of taking actionPBT1I am concerned that I might forget to use the COVID-19 contact tracing app whenever I go outside of my house/compound 
PBT2I am concerned that I might be too busy to use the contact tracing appDeng (2013) 
Perceived disease severityPDS1If I suffer from COVID-19 disease, it would be severe 
PDS2If I suffer from the COVID-19 disease, it would be seriousSun et al. (2013) 
PDS3It will be devastating to be diagnosed with coronavirus 
Perceived disease vulnerabilityPDV1I am at risk of been exposed to the COVID-19 disease pandemic 
PDV2It is likely that I will suffer the stated disease if I am not carefulSame as above
PDV3It is possible for me to suffer the stated disease (COVID-19) 
Resistance to useRES1I have a negative opinion about the use of COVID-19 contract tracing apps 
RES2I'm not in favor of using the COVID-19 contact tracing appsMani and Chouk (2019) 
RES3I have a bad judgement on the use of the contact tracing apps 

Source(s): Author's own, 2023

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