Table 1

reports the variable indications and measurements used in this study

Variables indicationsMeasurementIndicator
UnemploymentThe annual rate of unemploymentUP
Bank AccountThe percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else) at a bank or another type of financial institution (see definition for financial institution account) or report personally using a mobile money service in the past 12 months (see definition for mobile money account)BA
Internet Use to Pay or to BuyThe percentage of respondents who report using the internet to pay bills or to buy in the past 12 monthsIU
Debit CardThe percentage of respondents who report having a debit cardDC
Made or Receive Digital paymentThe percentage of respondents who report using mobile money, a debit or credit card, or a mobile phone to make a payment from an account, or report using the internet to pay bills or to buy something online, in the past 12 months. It also includes respondents who report paying from or into a financial institution account or through a mobile money account in the past 12 monthsDP
Mobile Money AccountThe percentage of respondents who report personally using a mobile money service in the past 12 monthsMMA
Foreign direct investmentForeign direct investment, net inflows in reporting economy (DRS, current US$)FDI
Foreign direct investment, net inflows in reporting economy (DRS, current US$)
Foreign direct investment is net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting interest in or management control over an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor
Gross fixed capital formationGross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains and so on); plant, machinery and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildingsGFCF
InflationThe annual price index of consumptionINF
Exchange RateReal effective exchange rate index (line reu, 2010 = 100). Real effective exchange rate is the nominal effective exchange rate (a measure of the value of a currency against a weighted average of several foreign currencies) divided by a price deflator or index of costsEX
Credit cardThe percentage of respondents who report having a Credit carCC
Broad moneyBroad money is the sum of currency outside banks; demand deposits other than those of the central government; the time, savings and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government; bank and traveler’s checks; and other securities such as certificates of deposit and commercial paperBM
Real Interest rateThe real interest rate is the interest rate on loans adjusted for inflation, as measured by the GDP deflatorRI
Deposit interest rateDeposit interest rate is the rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time or savings depositsDI
Loan interest rateLending rate is the bank rate that usually meets the short- and medium-term financing needs of the private sectorLIR
Human capital indexThe HCI calculates the contributions of health and education to worker productivityHCI
Annual GDP growthAnnual percentage growth rate of GDP at market prices based on constant local currencyGDPA
Annual per capita GDP growthGDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear populationGDPC

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