Table II.

Questionnaire findings on lack of human security in Iraq

VariableDimensionsIndicatorsNo. of questionnaireSupport (%)Arithmetic meanSDRank
Human securityPolitical securityElectoral fraud600951.3820.6931
Lack of electoral representation of most voters60091.21.5500.7612
Use of violence against individuals60088.31.6480.8043
Ineffective participation in decision-making60087.61.6980.7934
Non-adoption of governance principles60086.11.7170.8155
Restriction of expression and demonstrating freedom60085.31.7700.8806
Non-adoption of human rights principles in the fight against terrorism60074.62.0221.1837
Political security60086.91.6840.643 4th
Economic and food securitySpread of poverty60092.81.4550.7481
Neglected reform of economic structure60090.81.6070.7752
Inattention to economic sectors that affect human food60090.51.6450.7483
Lack of or weak domestic and foreign investment in vital sectors60089.51.6500.7154
Economic and food security60090.91.6020.608 2nd
Personal and societal securityLack of civil peace and non-confrontation of violence, threats and torture60093.21.5231.1371
Lack of control of drugs spread60092.51.5470.7102
Inattention to education60091.81.5600.7363
Lack of social justice60091.31.6150.7294
Domestic violence60089.81.6330.7445
Deactivated role of security institutions60088.31.7050.8106
Migration and displacement60086.21.7250.7927
Lack of interest in cultural diversity60085.51.7250.8088
Problem of slums60084.61.7800.9029
Personal and societal security60089.21.6460.603 3rd
Health and environment securityProliferation of diseases and epidemics60093.21.5471.1241
Lack of health and medical care60092.71.5530.7102
Lack of access to sanitation and potable water services60092.51.5620.7203
Lack of interest in water resources600921.6200.7574
Spread of light and medium weapons and non-removal of mines60085.11.7300.8775
Health and environment security60091.11.5890.660 1st
Gender gapViolence against women60088.91.7650.7801
Non-prevention of violations against girls60087.51.7770.8192
Lack of political rights for women60080.81.9000.8803
Gender inequality60077.21.9081.0074
Gender gap60083.61.8380.7055th
 Human security60088.31.6720.556 

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