Table 5 Multilevel model results... | Emerald Publishing

Table 5

Multilevel model results predicting MOUD use from individual and state-level variables

	MOUD use
	Model 1			Model 2			Model 3
	(N = 8,787 from 45 states)			(N = 7,539 from 39 states)			(N = 7,539 from 39 states)
	Coefficient	SE	p	Coefficient	SE	p	Coefficient	SE	p
	−0.831	0.297	0.005
Predictors
State level
Punitive policy				−0.186	0.450	0.679	−0.397	0.249	0.111
Priority access policy				−0.188	0.461	0.684	−0.240	0.265	0.365
Political affiliation^**
Republican leaning				−0.092	0.805	0.909	0.296	0.475	0.534
Competitive				1.320	0.674	0.050	1.114	0.408	0.006
Democrat leaning				2.237	0.755	0.003	2.170	0.456	0.000
Solid democrat				2.261	0.631	0.000	1.861	0.399	0.000
Individual level
Criminal justice referral				−1.410	0.081	0.000	−1.411	0.081	0.000
Co-occurring mental health				−0.240	0.062	0.000	−0.231	0.062	0.000
Race
Black				0.065	0.104	0.528	0.224	0.322	0.487
Asian or Pacific Islander				0.570	0.613	0.352	1.158	0.862	0.179
Other single race				0.364	0.154	0.018	0.627	0.403	0.120
Two or more races				0.322	0.165	0.051	0.559	0.369	0.130
chi squared				357.110			372.010
ICC	0.521			0.296

	MOUD use
	Model 1			Model 2			Model 3
	(N = 8,787 from 45 states)			(N = 7,539 from 39 states)			(N = 7,539 from 39 states)
	Coefficient	SE	p	Coefficient	SE	p	Coefficient	SE	p
	−0.831	0.297	0.005
Predictors
State level
Punitive policy				−0.186	0.450	0.679	−0.397	0.249	0.111
Priority access policy				−0.188	0.461	0.684	−0.240	0.265	0.365
Political affiliation^**
Republican leaning				−0.092	0.805	0.909	0.296	0.475	0.534
Competitive				1.320	0.674	0.050	1.114	0.408	0.006
Democrat leaning				2.237	0.755	0.003	2.170	0.456	0.000
Solid democrat				2.261	0.631	0.000	1.861	0.399	0.000
Individual level
Criminal justice referral				−1.410	0.081	0.000	−1.411	0.081	0.000
Co-occurring mental health				−0.240	0.062	0.000	−0.231	0.062	0.000
Race
Black				0.065	0.104	0.528	0.224	0.322	0.487
Asian or Pacific Islander				0.570	0.613	0.352	1.158	0.862	0.179
Other single race				0.364	0.154	0.018	0.627	0.403	0.120
Two or more races				0.322	0.165	0.051	0.559	0.369	0.130
chi squared				357.110			372.010
ICC	0.521			0.296

Note: **

The “solid republican” category was used as the comparison group

Source: table by authors