Table 3 Factor analysis, reliability and...

Table 3

Factor analysis, reliability and validity of performance variables

Factors	Items	Factor load	Cronbach alpha (α)	KMO	Composite reliability	Average factor load*	AVE**	Correlation matrix square
Financial performance	FP7	0.50	0.90	0.93	0.92	0.78	0.62	0.00
	FP8	0.84
	FP9	0.82
	FP10	0.81
	FP11	0.79
	FP12	0.86
	FP13	0.84
Customer performance	CP14	0.81	0.91	0.91	0.91	0.76	0.58	0.00
	CP15	0.77
	CP16	0.72
	CP17	0.84
	CP18	0.77
	CP19	0.74
	CP20	0.70
Internal business process performance	IBPP21	0.74	0.91	0.92	0.91	0.73	0.53	0.00
	IBPP22	0.73
	IBPP23	0.60
	IBPP24	0.79
	IBPP25	0.75
	IBPP26	0.77
	IBPP27	0.77
	IBPP28	0.68
	IBPP29	0.71
Learning and growth performance	LGP30	0.74	0.91	0.91	0.91	0.73	0.54	0.00
	LGP31	0.71
	LGP32	0.77
	LGP33	0.72
	LGP34	0.60
	LGP35	0.73
	LGP36	0.80
	LGP37	0.78
	LGP38	0.81

Factors	Items	Factor load	Cronbach alpha (α)	KMO	Composite reliability	Average factor load*	AVE**	Correlation matrix square
Financial performance	FP7	0.50	0.90	0.93	0.92	0.78	0.62	0.00
	FP8	0.84
	FP9	0.82
	FP10	0.81
	FP11	0.79
	FP12	0.86
	FP13	0.84
Customer performance	CP14	0.81	0.91	0.91	0.91	0.76	0.58	0.00
	CP15	0.77
	CP16	0.72
	CP17	0.84
	CP18	0.77
	CP19	0.74
	CP20	0.70
Internal business process performance	IBPP21	0.74	0.91	0.92	0.91	0.73	0.53	0.00
	IBPP22	0.73
	IBPP23	0.60
	IBPP24	0.79
	IBPP25	0.75
	IBPP26	0.77
	IBPP27	0.77
	IBPP28	0.68
	IBPP29	0.71
Learning and growth performance	LGP30	0.74	0.91	0.91	0.91	0.73	0.54	0.00
	LGP31	0.71
	LGP32	0.77
	LGP33	0.72
	LGP34	0.60
	LGP35	0.73
	LGP36	0.80
	LGP37	0.78
	LGP38	0.81

Note(s): *Average factor loading >0.7, convergent validity established

**Square root of average variance extracted (AVE) > correlation matrix squared; discriminant validity established

***FP-financial performance; CP-customer performance; IBPP-internal business process performance; LGP-learning and growth performance

Source(s): Table 3 courtesy of Abrokwah-Larbi (2020)

Sharing Unavailable