Social presence scale
| . | Completely agree . | Agree . | Not sure . | Disagree . | Completely disagree . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Factor 1 co-presence | |||||
| 1. I think that other students are aware of my presence | |||||
| 2. I feel like I am studying with other students | |||||
| 3. I am interested in what other students are doing | |||||
| 4. I think other students are interested in what I am doing | |||||
| 5. The level of mutual interest seems high | |||||
| Factor 2 influence | |||||
| 6. I think I can convey my ideas clearly to other students | |||||
| 7. Other students understand me well | |||||
| 8. I think I can understand well what other students think | |||||
| 9. We accept each other’s ideas well | |||||
| 10. Other students’ ideas affect what I think | |||||
| 11. We help each other solve difficult problems | |||||
| 12. We help each other | |||||
| Factor 3 cohesiveness | |||||
| 13. It is pleasant to exchange ideas with other students | |||||
| 14. I get quick responses from other students | |||||
| 15. I feel comfortable communicating with other students | |||||
| 16. My ideas help us proceed with group work | |||||
| 17. All the team members contribute to group work | |||||
| 18. I feel close to other students | |||||
| 19. I feel like I am part of a team | |||||
| . | Completely agree . | Agree . | Not sure . | Disagree . | Completely disagree . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Factor 1 co-presence | |||||
| 1. I think that other students are aware of my presence | |||||
| 2. I feel like I am studying with other students | |||||
| 3. I am interested in what other students are doing | |||||
| 4. I think other students are interested in what I am doing | |||||
| 5. The level of mutual interest seems high | |||||
| Factor 2 influence | |||||
| 6. I think I can convey my ideas clearly to other students | |||||
| 7. Other students understand me well | |||||
| 8. I think I can understand well what other students think | |||||
| 9. We accept each other’s ideas well | |||||
| 10. Other students’ ideas affect what I think | |||||
| 11. We help each other solve difficult problems | |||||
| 12. We help each other | |||||
| Factor 3 cohesiveness | |||||
| 13. It is pleasant to exchange ideas with other students | |||||
| 14. I get quick responses from other students | |||||
| 15. I feel comfortable communicating with other students | |||||
| 16. My ideas help us proceed with group work | |||||
| 17. All the team members contribute to group work | |||||
| 18. I feel close to other students | |||||
| 19. I feel like I am part of a team | |||||
Source(s): Olpak and Kılıç Çakmak (2009)