Table 3

Two-steps results of GMM system estimation with ROA

ROACoefSt Errt-valuep-value[95% ConfInterval]Sig
ROA (L.1)0.4480.3141.430.154−0.1681.064 
CCC−0.0940.0671.400.162−0.0380.225 
ATO0.9000.1058.580.0000.6951.106***
LEV−0.2760.085−3.270.001−0.442−0.111***
__Constant−3.0870.382−8.080.000−3.836−2.339***
Mean dependent var−2.604SD dependent var1.052
Number of obs504Chi-square78.148
Number of groups60Number of instruments10
AR(1)0.047Hansen0.072
AR(2)0.420Sargen0.120

Note(s):***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05 and *p < 0.10

Source(s): Authors' calculation

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