Table 3. Assignment of Delphi workshop... | Emerald Publishing

Table 3.

Assignment of Delphi workshop and NGT factors to the adapted Krueger entrepreneurial intentions model

Adapted KEI model domain	Factors identified during the Delphi and NGT process
Personal desirability (exogenous contextual factors)	• Sense of isolation and feeling alone • Risk of senior academic staff career mobility when exposed to new opportunities
Perceived social norms (exogenous contextual factors)	• Entrepreneurial organisation culture • Networks and collaborators
Perceived self-efficacy (exogenous contextual factors)	• Research competence • Networking and connecting • Research infrastructure • Identify, choose and master academic niche area • Demonstrate leadership ability • Manage teams effectively • Communicate effectively • Empowering academics to manage their grants more closely
Perceived collective efficacy (exogenous contextual factors)	• Wide and varied funding options • Networks and collaborators • Reduced bureaucracy • Limited funding opportunities or low success rate • Non-responsive shared services support • Bureaucracy • Institutional inefficiencies around contract • Mentoring and guidance • Project management support and training • Establishment of a fund for intramural programmes
Propensity to act (characteristics)	• Perseverance and resilience • Creates and innovates • Building collaborative relationships • Work hard and consistently • Directors over-stretched
Activation mitigators (disruptors and enhancers)	• Shortage of discretionary funds for ongoing, unfunded activities • Pressure solely on Entity director for establishment and maintenance of the Entity • Pressure of unreasonable institutional expectations on Entity directors at each maturity stage as the Entity grows and evolves • Administration complexities associated with international grants at odds with limited funding for the development of a platform to enable compliance – requires lobbying international funders for higher indirect rates on grants • Universities are not established as corporate entities, which is an impediment to entrepreneurial activation

Adapted KEI model domain	Factors identified during the Delphi and NGT process
Personal desirability (exogenous contextual factors)	• Sense of isolation and feeling alone• Risk of senior academic staff career mobility when exposed to new opportunities
Perceived social norms (exogenous contextual factors)	• Entrepreneurial organisation culture• Networks and collaborators
Perceived self-efficacy (exogenous contextual factors)	• Research competence• Networking and connecting• Research infrastructure• Identify, choose and master academic niche area• Demonstrate leadership ability• Manage teams effectively• Communicate effectively• Empowering academics to manage their grants more closely
Perceived collective efficacy (exogenous contextual factors)	• Wide and varied funding options• Networks and collaborators• Reduced bureaucracy• Limited funding opportunities or low success rate• Non-responsive shared services support• Bureaucracy• Institutional inefficiencies around contract• Mentoring and guidance• Project management support and training• Establishment of a fund for intramural programmes
Propensity to act (characteristics)	• Perseverance and resilience• Creates and innovates• Building collaborative relationships• Work hard and consistently• Directors over-stretched
Activation mitigators (disruptors and enhancers)	• Shortage of discretionary funds for ongoing, unfunded activities• Pressure solely on Entity director for establishment and maintenance of the Entity• Pressure of unreasonable institutional expectations on Entity directors at each maturity stage as the Entity grows and evolves• Administration complexities associated with international grants at odds with limited funding for the development of a platform to enable compliance – requires lobbying international funders for higher indirect rates on grants• Universities are not established as corporate entities, which is an impediment to entrepreneurial activation

Source: Authors’ own work