Table 4

Relevant quotes addressing value co-creation and innovation generation in universities

ActorQuestion/Quote
When performing as an ecosystem, how is value co-created to better generate innovation? Explain how co-patenting, co-ownership, and co-ideation relate to each other
Expert A“For us, these three concepts are absolutely related to one another and have to be managed together” (…) “Co-patenting and co-ownership are the result of a collaborative work among institutions” (…) “Increasingly (in much more than 50% of cases), innovation generation is linked to co-patenting and co-ownership”
Expert B“I think all these three concepts are interrelated and must be jointly and strategically managed in order to reach common objectives for all the actors in an innovation environment, oriented to the market”
Expert D“Co-patenting and co-ownership are very common in the university innovation context” (…) “The challenge is to establish a fair and stimulating value to both the contributions of each part in the co-development of ‘something’ and to the rights for the exploitation of [that] ‘thing’”
Expert F“In our university (and I think in most Spanish ones), the co-ownership is usually managed by technical staff (from TTO) before the collaborative (university–industry) research relationship starts. In these cases, co-ownership and consequently co-patenting are negotiated over economic aspects and legal restrictions”

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