Path coefficients and bootstrapping results (500 replacements)
| Estimate | Std. error | t-value | p-value | f2 | R2 | Q2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Regression 1 | 0.307 | 0.622 | |||||
| Intercept | 0.000 | 0.028 | 0.000 | 1.000 | |||
| Presence → Flow | 0.554 | 0.028 | 20.100 | 0.000 | 0.443 | ||
| Regression 2 | 0.331 | 0.521 | |||||
| Intercept | 0.000 | 0.027 | 0.000 | 1.000 | |||
| Presence → Utilitarian value | 0.127 | 0.033 | 3.910 | 0.000 | 0.018 | ||
| Flow → Utilitarian value | 0.496 | 0.033 | 15.300 | 0.000 | 0.254 | ||
| Regression 3 | 0.589 | 0.540 | |||||
| Intercept | 0.000 | 0.027 | 0.000 | 1.000 | |||
| Presence → Hedonic value | 0.071 | 0.026 | 2.760 | 0.003 | 0.014 | ||
| Flow → Hedonic value | 0.190 | 0.029 | 6.660 | 0.000 | 0.048 | ||
| Utilitarian value → Hedonic value | 0.606 | 0.026 | 23.400 | 0.000 | 0.594 | ||
| Regression 4 | 0.727 | 0.558 | |||||
| Intercept | 0.000 | 0.017 | 0.000 | 1.000 | |||
| Social norms → Engagement | 0.272 | 0.023 | 11.700 | 0.000 | 0.141 | ||
| Utilitarian value → Engagement | 0.292 | 0.027 | 10.800 | 0.000 | 0.133 | ||
| Hedonic value → Engagement | 0.400 | 0.027 | 14.700 | 0.000 | 0.243 | ||
| Regression 5 | 0.615 | 0.453 | |||||
| Intercept | 0.000 | 0.021 | 0.000 | 1.000 | |||
| Social norms → Stickiness | 0.109 | 0.029 | 3.780 | 0.000 | 0.020 | ||
| Engagement → Stickiness | 0.703 | 0.029 | 24.300 | 0.000 | 0.637 | ||
| Auxiliary regression 1 (exogenous 2nd order construct) | 1.000 | ||||||
| Intercept | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 1.000 | |||
| Spatial presence → Presence | 0.698 | 0.000 | 4050.000 | 0.000 | |||
| Social presence → Presence | 0.415 | 0.000 | 2410.000 | 0.000 | |||
| Auxiliary regression 2 (endogenous 2nd order construct) | 1.000 | ||||||
| Intercept | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 1.000 | |||
| Cognitive engagement → Engagement | 0.358 | 0.000 | 4110.000 | 0.000 | |||
| Affective engagement → Engagement | 0.339 | 0.000 | 2500.000 | 0.000 | |||
| Behavioural engagement → Engagement | 0.432 | 0.000 | 3310.000 | 0.000 | |||
| Goodness of fit = 0.6423 | |||||||
| Estimate | Std. error | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.307 | 0.622 | ||||||
| 0.000 | 0.028 | 0.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| Presence → Flow | 0.554 | 0.028 | 20.100 | 0.000 | 0.443 | ||
| 0.331 | 0.521 | ||||||
| 0.000 | 0.027 | 0.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| Presence → Utilitarian value | 0.127 | 0.033 | 3.910 | 0.000 | 0.018 | ||
| Flow → Utilitarian value | 0.496 | 0.033 | 15.300 | 0.000 | 0.254 | ||
| 0.589 | 0.540 | ||||||
| 0.000 | 0.027 | 0.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| Presence → Hedonic value | 0.071 | 0.026 | 2.760 | 0.003 | 0.014 | ||
| Flow → Hedonic value | 0.190 | 0.029 | 6.660 | 0.000 | 0.048 | ||
| Utilitarian value → Hedonic value | 0.606 | 0.026 | 23.400 | 0.000 | 0.594 | ||
| 0.727 | 0.558 | ||||||
| 0.000 | 0.017 | 0.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| Social norms → Engagement | 0.272 | 0.023 | 11.700 | 0.000 | 0.141 | ||
| Utilitarian value → Engagement | 0.292 | 0.027 | 10.800 | 0.000 | 0.133 | ||
| Hedonic value → Engagement | 0.400 | 0.027 | 14.700 | 0.000 | 0.243 | ||
| 0.615 | 0.453 | ||||||
| 0.000 | 0.021 | 0.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| Social norms → Stickiness | 0.109 | 0.029 | 3.780 | 0.000 | 0.020 | ||
| Engagement → Stickiness | 0.703 | 0.029 | 24.300 | 0.000 | 0.637 | ||
| 1.000 | |||||||
| 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| Spatial presence → Presence | 0.698 | 0.000 | 4050.000 | 0.000 | |||
| Social presence → Presence | 0.415 | 0.000 | 2410.000 | 0.000 | |||
| 1.000 | |||||||
| 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| Cognitive engagement → Engagement | 0.358 | 0.000 | 4110.000 | 0.000 | |||
| Affective engagement → Engagement | 0.339 | 0.000 | 2500.000 | 0.000 | |||
| Behavioural engagement → Engagement | 0.432 | 0.000 | 3310.000 | 0.000 | |||
| Goodness of fit = 0.6423 | |||||||
| Path coefficients (original) | Path coefficients β (boot-strapping) | Std. error | p-value | Benjamini-Hochberg α correction | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Presence → Flow | 0.554 | 0.554 | 0.026 | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Presence → Utilitarian value | 0.127 | 0.126 | 0.033 | 0.000 | 0.041 |
| Presence → Hedonic value | 0.071 | 0.073 | 0.026 | 0.009 | 0.050 |
| Flow → Utilitarian value | 0.496 | 0.496 | 0.034 | 0.000 | 0.018 |
| Flow → Hedonic value | 0.190 | 0.188 | 0.035 | 0.000 | 0.036 |
| Utilitarian value → Hedonic value | 0.606 | 0.607 | 0.031 | 0.000 | 0.014 |
| Utilitarian value → Engagement | 0.292 | 0.291 | 0.037 | 0.000 | 0.032 |
| Hedonic value → Engagement | 0.400 | 0.401 | 0.038 | 0.000 | 0.023 |
| Engagement → Stickiness | 0.703 | 0.704 | 0.033 | 0.000 | 0.009 |
| Social norms → Engagement | 0.272 | 0.272 | 0.030 | 0.000 | 0.027 |
| Social norms → Stickiness | 0.109 | 0.108 | 0.037 | 0.003 | 0.045 |
| Path coefficients (original) | Path coefficients β (boot-strapping) | Std. error | Benjamini-Hochberg α correction | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Presence → Flow | 0.554 | 0.554 | 0.026 | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Presence → Utilitarian value | 0.127 | 0.126 | 0.033 | 0.000 | 0.041 |
| Presence → Hedonic value | 0.071 | 0.073 | 0.026 | 0.009 | 0.050 |
| Flow → Utilitarian value | 0.496 | 0.496 | 0.034 | 0.000 | 0.018 |
| Flow → Hedonic value | 0.190 | 0.188 | 0.035 | 0.000 | 0.036 |
| Utilitarian value → Hedonic value | 0.606 | 0.607 | 0.031 | 0.000 | 0.014 |
| Utilitarian value → Engagement | 0.292 | 0.291 | 0.037 | 0.000 | 0.032 |
| Hedonic value → Engagement | 0.400 | 0.401 | 0.038 | 0.000 | 0.023 |
| Engagement → Stickiness | 0.703 | 0.704 | 0.033 | 0.000 | 0.009 |
| Social norms → Engagement | 0.272 | 0.272 | 0.030 | 0.000 | 0.027 |
| Social norms → Stickiness | 0.109 | 0.108 | 0.037 | 0.003 | 0.045 |
Source(s): Table by authors
Sharing content requires targeting cookies to be enabled. Please update your cookie preferences to use this feature.