Table A4

Discriminant validity analysis*

Spatial presenceSocial presenceFlowUtilitarian valueHedonic valueCognitive engagementAffective engagementBehavioural engagementSocial normsStickiness
Spatial presence0.8770.6410.5130.3420.3700.2640.4090.4140.3670.329
Social presence0.5880.9090.5970.4650.5090.4430.4730.4900.4480.443
Flow0.4740.5370.9170.6160.6430.5650.5910.5830.5400.552
Utilitarian value0.3210.4250.5650.7920.8200.7680.7040.6820.6710.712
Hedonic value0.3320.4490.5720.7420.8580.8090.7630.7290.6890.738
Cognitive engagement0.2490.4070.5220.7190.7380.8990.6450.6040.6190.728
Affective engagement0.3850.4330.5460.6580.6920.6080.9210.8010.6920.805
Behavioural engagement0.3860.4470.5340.6330.6560.5650.8480.8570.6850.806
Social norms0.3440.4100.4970.6250.6250.5820.6490.6380.9170.680
Stickiness0.2940.3840.4800.6260.6340.6400.7160.7120.6050.860

Note(s): *In italic underlined, HTMT values; in italics, square root of the AVEs; below the matrix diagonal, correlations between the dimensions

Source(s): Table by authors

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