Table 3

Correlation results

Variables(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)
(1) roa_w1.000            
(2) evt_w0.595 (0.000)1.000           
(3) gd_04_w0.103 (0.000)0.160 (0.000)1.000          
(4) gd_05_w–0.103 (0.000)–0.160 (0.000)–1.000 (0.000)1.000         
(5) gd_070.028 (0.321)0.013 (0.639)0.372 (0.000)–0.372 (0.000)1.000        
(6) fi_020.004 (0.876)0.084 (0.003)0.777 (0.000)–0.777 (0.000)0.025 (0.381)1.000       
(7) bz_02_w0.055 (0.054)0.154 (0.000)0.302 (0.000)–0.301 (0.000)0.097 (0.001)0.227 (0.000)1.000      
(8) gw_w0.260 (0.000)0.215 (0.000)–0.031 (0.273)0.031 (0.285)0.023 (0.430)–0.064 (0.025)0.013 (0.638)1.000     
(9) cr_w0.031 (0.286)–0.149 (0.000)–0.190 (0.000)0.190 (0.000)–0.002 (0.958)–0.166 (0.000)–0.269 (0.000)–0.046 (0.105)1.000    
(10) de_w–0.070 (0.014)0.085 (0.003)0.148 (0.000)–0.149 (0.000)0.012 (0.664)0.138 (0.000)0.085 (0.003)–0.039 (0.173)–0.433 (0.000)1.000   
(11) age_w0.055 (0.054)0.073 (0.010)0.174 (0.000)–0.173 (0.000)0.076 (0.008)0.102 (0.000)0.335 (0.000)–0.047 (0.104)0.068 (0.018)0.058 (0.043)1.000  
(12) pb_w0.516 (0.000)0.775 (0.000)0.176 (0.000)–0.176 (0.000)0.061 (0.034)0.090 (0.002)0.264 (0.000)0.177 (0.000)–0.182 (0.000)0.356 (0.000)0.190 (0.000)1.000 
(13) size_w–0.053 (0.062)–0.001 (0.969)0.345 (0.000)–0.345 (0.000)0.052 (0.067)0.330 (0.000)0.618 (0.000)–0.008 (0.768)–0.280 (0.000)0.190 (0.000)0.335 (0.000)0.167 (0.000)1.000

Notes:

p-value in parenthesis. ROA = return on assets; EVT = enterprise value; gd_04 = proportion of female directors sitting on the board; gd_05 = proportion of male directors sitting on board; gd_07 = proportion of female executive directors sitting on; fi_02 = percentage of independent non-executive women directors on board; cr = current ratio; gw = growth opportunities; pb = price to book ratio, size is the company size, age is the number of years of the company since its incorporation

Source: Authors’ analyses

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