Table 3

Unit root test

Standard unit root testUnit root test with structural breaks
Variablet-statConclusiont-statConclusion
Y1−1.852Non-Stationary−17.487***Stationary (1 structural break; 2018m2)
Y5−1.783Non-Stationary−16.369***Stationary (1 structural break; 2018m2)
Y10−1.667Non-Stationary−18.499***Stationary (1 structural break; 2018m4)
SLOPE−2.921***Stationary−16.516Stationary (1 structural break; 2010m2)
CURV−4.161***Stationary−20.716Stationary (1 structural break; 2010m2)
FX_C−6.190***Stationary−0.597Non-Stationary (No structural break)
GROWTH−5.621***Stationary−6.5474***Stationary (No structural break)
INF−2.340**Stationary−15.666***Stationary (1 structural break; 2021m6)
CBRATE−1.367Non-Stationary−7.699***Stationary (1 structural break; 2018m4)
FIS_BAL−0.965Non-Stationary−15.218***Stationary (1 structural break; 2010m2)
GOV_DEBT−0.909Non-Stationary−47.500***Stationary (1 structural break; 2010m2)
VIXI−2.954**Stationary−6.331***Stationary (No structural break)

Note(s): This table reports unit root test of variables used in the study. The significance levels at 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 are denoted by ***, **, and *, respectively

Source(s): Authors' calculation

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