Table 2

Summary of variables

Name of variablesSymbol of variablesDefinition of variables
The explained variableStock prices breakdown risksDUVOLIt has been calculated based on model (2) and (3)
The explanatory variablesAccounting conservatismCScoreIt has been calculated based on model (3) and (4)
Corporate governanceIndexThe analysis of principal component of six indicators for corporate governance
The control variablesFirms sizeSizeNatural logarithm of the total assets of listed firms
Stock prices changes and fluctuationSigmaStandard deviation of the unique income and returns of the stock i in the current year
Hand turnover rateDTURNStock i turnover rate for the current year – turnover rate of the previous year/turnover rate for the current year
The ratio of marketMBThe value of market/value of book for equity of shareholders
The shareholding ratio of the largest shareholdersTOPThe number of shares which held by the largest shareholder/the total number of shares
The institutional investors and shareholding ratioIIHThe institutional investors which holdings shares/the total number of all shares

Source(s): Table by authors

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