Table 1 Literature review – summary and...

Table 1

Literature review – summary and clarification of the research gap

Citation	Type of research	Perspective	Main findings
Caldera et al. (2017)	Literature review	Models	Identifies Lean models and how each contributes to sustainability
Corbett and Klassen (2006)	Literature review	Conjectures	Develops conjectures that assume how Lean and Green realities will exist and how to investigate them
Dieste et al. (2019)	Literature review	Measures	Most of the literature finds a positive relationship between Lean and Green, but little empirical evidence exists
Kleindorfer et al. (2005)	Literature review	Practices	Finds relationships between some Lean tools and their Green applicability
Hallam and Contreras (2016)	Literature review	Integration	Evidence of the successful integration of Lean and Green is scarce. Lean improves operations and that reduces the impact on the environment
Verrier et al. (2016)	Theoretical	Relationship	Presents relationships between Lean and Green using waste
Singh et al. (2022)	Interviews of experts	Barriers	Identifies the barriers to Lean and Green integration and how to overcome them
Amrina et al. (2021)	Interviews of experts	Integration	Proposes a Lean and Green integration model for small and medium industry (SMI)
Fercoq et al. (2016)	Experiments (DOE) with students	Integration	Using DOE, this work demonstrates that integrating Lean and Green brings better results for the environment
Galeazzo et al. (2014)	Single case study	Integration	Green project development that includes Lean is better, and the results also improve
Ng et al. (2015)	Single case study	Integration	Using Carbon-Value Efficiency, the research demonstrates that shortening lead time reduces the carbon footprint
Pinto and Mendes (2017)	Single case study	Relationship	This case study finds the relationship between specific tools and Green aspects
Piercy and Rich (2015)	Multiple-site case study, interviews	Integration	The work shows Green evolution thanks to Lean implementation
Kurdve et al. (2014)	Multiple-site case study, interviews	Integration	The problem is the lack of an integrated strategy for QMS, EMS, OHS and the administration of that strategy
Mårtensson et al. (2019)	Multiple-site case study, interviews	Relationship	Provides evidence of the Lean and Green relationship, but its existence is incomplete and inconsistent across cases
King and Lenox (2001)	Empirical: large-scale databases	ISO certifications	Organisations adopting ISO 9001 are more likely to adopt ISO 14001
Florida (1996)	Empirical – survey	Environmental	Innovation in manufacturing practices creates incentives to adopt environmentally conscious manufacturing practices
Inman and Green (2018)	Empirical – survey	Practices	Lean practices have a positive association with environmental and operational performance similar to the supply chain
Hegedić et al. (2018)	Empirical – survey	Practices	It was found that Lean practices affect the environment
Rothenberg et al. (2001)	Empirical – survey and interviews	Practices	The use of Lean practices is not enough to become Green

Citation	Type of research	Perspective	Main findings
Caldera et al. (2017)	Literature review	Models	Identifies Lean models and how each contributes to sustainability
Corbett and Klassen (2006)	Literature review	Conjectures	Develops conjectures that assume how Lean and Green realities will exist and how to investigate them
Dieste et al. (2019)	Literature review	Measures	Most of the literature finds a positive relationship between Lean and Green, but little empirical evidence exists
Kleindorfer et al. (2005)	Literature review	Practices	Finds relationships between some Lean tools and their Green applicability
Hallam and Contreras (2016)	Literature review	Integration	Evidence of the successful integration of Lean and Green is scarce. Lean improves operations and that reduces the impact on the environment
Verrier et al. (2016)	Theoretical	Relationship	Presents relationships between Lean and Green using waste
Singh et al. (2022)	Interviews of experts	Barriers	Identifies the barriers to Lean and Green integration and how to overcome them
Amrina et al. (2021)	Interviews of experts	Integration	Proposes a Lean and Green integration model for small and medium industry (SMI)
Fercoq et al. (2016)	Experiments (DOE) with students	Integration	Using DOE, this work demonstrates that integrating Lean and Green brings better results for the environment
Galeazzo et al. (2014)	Single case study	Integration	Green project development that includes Lean is better, and the results also improve
Ng et al. (2015)	Single case study	Integration	Using Carbon-Value Efficiency, the research demonstrates that shortening lead time reduces the carbon footprint
Pinto and Mendes (2017)	Single case study	Relationship	This case study finds the relationship between specific tools and Green aspects
Piercy and Rich (2015)	Multiple-site case study, interviews	Integration	The work shows Green evolution thanks to Lean implementation
Kurdve et al. (2014)	Multiple-site case study, interviews	Integration	The problem is the lack of an integrated strategy for QMS, EMS, OHS and the administration of that strategy
Mårtensson et al. (2019)	Multiple-site case study, interviews	Relationship	Provides evidence of the Lean and Green relationship, but its existence is incomplete and inconsistent across cases
King and Lenox (2001)	Empirical: large-scale databases	ISO certifications	Organisations adopting ISO 9001 are more likely to adopt ISO 14001
Florida (1996)	Empirical – survey	Environmental	Innovation in manufacturing practices creates incentives to adopt environmentally conscious manufacturing practices
Inman and Green (2018)	Empirical – survey	Practices	Lean practices have a positive association with environmental and operational performance similar to the supply chain
Hegedić et al. (2018)	Empirical – survey	Practices	It was found that Lean practices affect the environment
Rothenberg et al. (2001)	Empirical – survey and interviews	Practices	The use of Lean practices is not enough to become Green

Source(s): The authors

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