Table 1 Reliability and validity of...

Table 1

Reliability and validity of instruments

Variables	Indicators	Cronbach’s α	CR	AVE	DV
SP	SP1	0.87	0.89	0.66	0.81
	SP2
	SP3
	SP4
	SP5
IC	IC1	0.92	0.94	0.68	0.89
	IC2
	IC3
	IC4
	IC5
SF	SF1	0.90	0.93	0.65	0.81
	SF2
	SF3
	SF4
	SF5
CA	CA1	0.89	0.91	0.69	0.83
	CA2
	CA3
	CA4
	CA5
CI	CI1	0.79	0.82	0.63	0.79
	CI2
	CI3
	CI4
	CI5

Variables	Indicators	Cronbach’sα	CR	AVE	DV
SP	SP1	0.87	0.89	0.66	0.81
	SP2
	SP3
	SP4
	SP5
IC	IC1	0.92	0.94	0.68	0.89
	IC2
	IC3
	IC4
	IC5
SF	SF1	0.90	0.93	0.65	0.81
	SF2
	SF3
	SF4
	SF5
CA	CA1	0.89	0.91	0.69	0.83
	CA2
	CA3
	CA4
	CA5
CI	CI1	0.79	0.82	0.63	0.79
	CI2
	CI3
	CI4
	CI5

Note(s): SP = SME performance, IC = innovation capability, SF = strategic flexibility, CA = competitive advantage, CI = competitive intensity, CR = composite reliability and DV = discriminant validity

Source(s): Created by author (2023)

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