Table 1 PRISMA checklist for the current...

Table 1

PRISMA checklist for the current study

Item	Item	Checklist item	The location where the item is reported
Title	1	The title must identify the articles as systemic reviews Corporate Governance in Small Medium Enterprises: A Systemic Review and future research	Title page
Abstract	2	The abstract offers a clear overview of what we will cover in the study	Abstract page
Introduction
Introduce the topic	3	Comprehensively covers the topic of the current study, including the basic definitions	Introduction and background
Rationale and objectives	4	Illustrate the reasoning behind the study and the context of the current knowledge. Offers an explicit objective statement the review will address	Scope and thesis statement (Introduction)
Methods
Eligibility criteria	5	Explain the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study and how the identified literature will be grouped
Information sources	6	States the primary data sources, including the databases. Examples of the databases include Scopus and WoS
Search strategy	7	Presents a comprehensive search strategy for the databases and websites and includes the filters and limits used, for example, keywords in each data basis
Selection process	8	The selection criteria should specify the techniques used to determine whether the studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria for the review. These may include how many reviewers examined the records and their autonomy during screening. The author used five peers who screened each record in the current study to determine whether the identified studies covered the study’s objective
Data collection process	9	The item checks the method used to collect data in each review. For example, in the current study, the peers used the randomized control trial checklist for each study to determine their eligibility
Data items	10 a	The current study’s essential data items included any survey aligned with the keywords and in line with the inclusion and exclusion criteria
Data items	10 b	The current study assumes that all the information is clear and that any missing details will not affect the outcomes of the systemic review
Study risk bias assessment	11	Selection bias is among the highest risks in the systemic review, where we may select articles that may not accurately reflect the target population. The Cochrane tool was used for the randomized trial
Effect measure	12	Examined for each outcome the impact of the measures used in the result presentation
Synthesis method	13	The CASP tool was used to determine the eligibility of each synthesis
Reporting bias	14	The tool used to report bias was Agency for Health-care Research and Quality (AHRQ)
Certainty assessment	15	GRADE tool had various certainty ratings ranging from very low, low, moderate and high
Results
Study selection	16 a	The author will describe the search results and the selection process, including the number of records identified and the number included
Study selection	16 b	The author will describe and cite all the articles that may appear to meet the inclusion by being eliminated for diverse reasons. For example, all the pieces that are not free to access will be eliminated even when they meet all the inclusion criteria
Study characteristics	17	The author will cite each included study and indicate its features. For example, we will state whether the studies were qualitative, quantitative or mixed
Risk of bias	18	For qualitative studies, we will examine the risk of researcher bias that may affect the inferences of the study
Results of individual study	19	The author will present the characteristics of each group
Result synthesis	20
Reporting biases	21	We will present the assessment for the risk of bias resulting from the missed results. For example, it is impossible to read through all research papers and compile their findings comprehensively due to the limited number of words in the current document
Certainty of evidence	22	The author will state the certainty within the body of evidence
Discussion	23	We will present the general interpretation of the results within the context of alternative evidence We will also examine the limitations of the evidence included in the review The author will also describe the limitation of the PRISMA method used in the systemic review The section will also discuss the implication of the results on small and medium enterprises and future research

Item	Item	Checklist item	The location where the item is reported
Title	1	The title must identify the articles as systemic reviewsCorporate Governance in Small Medium Enterprises: A Systemic Review and future research	Title page
Abstract	2	The abstract offers a clear overview of what we will cover in the study	Abstract page
Introduction
Introduce the topic	3	Comprehensively covers the topic of the current study, including the basic definitions	Introduction and background
Rationale and objectives	4	Illustrate the reasoning behind the study and the context of the current knowledge. Offers an explicit objective statement the review will address	Scope and thesis statement (Introduction)
Methods
Eligibility criteria	5	Explain the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study and how the identified literature will be grouped
Information sources	6	States the primary data sources, including the databases. Examples of the databases include Scopus and WoS
Search strategy	7	Presents a comprehensive search strategy for the databases and websites and includes the filters and limits used, for example, keywords in each data basis
Selection process	8	The selection criteria should specify the techniques used to determine whether the studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria for the review. These may include how many reviewers examined the records and their autonomy during screening. The author used five peers who screened each record in the current study to determine whether the identified studies covered the study’s objective
Data collection process	9	The item checks the method used to collect data in each review. For example, in the current study, the peers used the randomized control trial checklist for each study to determine their eligibility
Data items	10 a	The current study’s essential data items included any survey aligned with the keywords and in line with the inclusion and exclusion criteria
Data items	10 b	The current study assumes that all the information is clear and that any missing details will not affect the outcomes of the systemic review
Study risk bias assessment	11	Selection bias is among the highest risks in the systemic review, where we may select articles that may not accurately reflect the target population. The Cochrane tool was used for the randomized trial
Effect measure	12	Examined for each outcome the impact of the measures used in the result presentation
Synthesis method	13	The CASP tool was used to determine the eligibility of each synthesis
Reporting bias	14	The tool used to report bias was Agency for Health-care Research and Quality (AHRQ)
Certainty assessment	15	GRADE tool had various certainty ratings ranging from very low, low, moderate and high
Results
Study selection	16 a	The author will describe the search results and the selection process, including the number of records identified and the number included
Study selection	16 b	The author will describe and cite all the articles that may appear to meet the inclusion by being eliminated for diverse reasons. For example, all the pieces that are not free to access will be eliminated even when they meet all the inclusion criteria
Study characteristics	17	The author will cite each included study and indicate its features. For example, we will state whether the studies were qualitative, quantitative or mixed
Risk of bias	18	For qualitative studies, we will examine the risk of researcher bias that may affect the inferences of the study
Results of individual study	19	The author will present the characteristics of each group
Result synthesis	20
Reporting biases	21	We will present the assessment for the risk of bias resulting from the missed results. For example, it is impossible to read through all research papers and compile their findings comprehensively due to the limited number of words in the current document
Certainty of evidence	22	The author will state the certainty within the body of evidence
Discussion	23	We will present the general interpretation of the results within the context of alternative evidenceWe will also examine the limitations of the evidence included in the reviewThe author will also describe the limitation of the PRISMA method used in the systemic reviewThe section will also discuss the implication of the results on small and medium enterprises and future research

Notes:

CASP = Critical appraisal skills programme; GRADE = grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation

Source: Elaborated by authors

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