Table 2. Index properties of studied... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2.

Index properties of studied sands and tailings

Properties	Sand (reference)
Properties	Da Nang (Hsu, 1999)	Erksak (Been et al., 1987a)	Hilton Mines (Been et al., 1987b)	Hokksund (Been et al., 1987b)	Ottawa (Been et al., 1987b)	Syncrude oil tailings (Golder Associates, 1987a)	Ticino 4 (Been et al., 1987b)	Ticino 9 (Golder Associates, 1987b)	Toyoura 160 (Fioravante et al., 1991)
Mineralogy	Quartz, minor amounts of chert	Quartz, minor amounts of chert	Quartz som feldspar, muscovite, mica, heavy minerals	Feldspar, quartz, some mica	Quartz	Quartz, a small amount of bitumen as discrete gravel-sized lumps	Quartz, a trace of mica	Assumed to be similar to that of Ticino 4 sand	Mainly quartz, 3% chert
Grain description	Sub-angular to angular	Sub-rounded	Angular	Sub-angular	Rounded	Angular to sub-angular, mostly cubical	Sub-rounded	Sub-rounded	Sub-angular
Percentage (%) passing #200 sieve	0	3.0–6.0	2.5	0	0	3.5	0	0	0
$λ_{10}$	0.073	0.044	0.170	0.054	0.028	0.065	0.056	0.05	0.044
Γ	0.915	0.834	1.315	0.934	0.754	0.89	0.986	0.97	0.983
$M_{t c}$	1.25	1.25	1.4	1	1.24	1.27	1.27	1.33	1.28
Critical friction angle, $φ_{c v}$	31.2	31.2	34.6	25.4	30.9	31.6	31.6	33.0	31.8
Maximum voids ratio, $e_{\max}$	0.808	0.963	1.05	0.91	0.79	0.898	0.89	0.9	0.977
Minimum void ratio, $e_{\min}$	0.515	0.525	0.62	0.55	0.49	0.544	0.6	0.6	0.605

Properties	Sand (reference)
Properties	Da Nang (Hsu, 1999)	Erksak (Been et al., 1987a)	Hilton Mines (Been et al., 1987b)	Hokksund (Been et al., 1987b)	Ottawa (Been et al., 1987b)	Syncrude oil tailings (Golder Associates, 1987a)	Ticino 4 (Been et al., 1987b)	Ticino 9 (Golder Associates, 1987b)	Toyoura 160 (Fioravante et al., 1991)
Mineralogy	Quartz, minor amounts of chert	Quartz, minor amounts of chert	Quartz som feldspar, muscovite, mica, heavy minerals	Feldspar, quartz, some mica	Quartz	Quartz, a small amount of bitumen as discrete gravel-sized lumps	Quartz, a trace of mica	Assumed to be similar to that of Ticino 4 sand	Mainly quartz, 3% chert
Grain description	Sub-angular to angular	Sub-rounded	Angular	Sub-angular	Rounded	Angular to sub-angular, mostly cubical	Sub-rounded	Sub-rounded	Sub-angular
Percentage (%) passing#200 sieve	0	3.0–6.0	2.5	0	0	3.5	0	0	0
$λ_{10}$	0.073	0.044	0.170	0.054	0.028	0.065	0.056	0.05	0.044
Γ	0.915	0.834	1.315	0.934	0.754	0.89	0.986	0.97	0.983
$M_{t c}$	1.25	1.25	1.4	1	1.24	1.27	1.27	1.33	1.28
Critical friction angle, $φ_{c v}$	31.2	31.2	34.6	25.4	30.9	31.6	31.6	33.0	31.8
Maximum voids ratio, $e_{\max}$	0.808	0.963	1.05	0.91	0.79	0.898	0.89	0.9	0.977
Minimum void ratio, $e_{\min}$	0.515	0.525	0.62	0.55	0.49	0.544	0.6	0.6	0.605