Table 2.

Proposed advertising theories for future research in in-app advertising

TheoryDescriptionFuture research
Interactive Advertising ModelInformation processing is related to the function of the consumer-controlled aspects of the internet and the advertiser-controlled aspects like ad structures (Rodgers and Thorson, 2000)The theory can help examine the array of responses that result from the encounter of consumer-controlled and advertiser-controlled aspects of in-app advertising and their influence on information processing and consumer responses
Perceptual Load TheoryThe success or failure of selective attention is dependent on the processing demands of the current task (Lavie et al., 2004)The theory can help investigate the degree to which distractors (in-app advertisements) are processed during high and low perceptual loads
Media Engagement FrameworkEngagement is conceptualized not as a behavior but as a motivational experience (Calder and Malthouse, 2009)The theory can help explain the impact of in-app advertising on mobile apps based on the different app types and their engagement experience
Theory of Interactive Media EffectsThe level of interactivity in the medium determines the type and strength of the media’s effects (Sundar et al., 2015)The theory can aid researchers describe the positive, as well as negative effects, of various forms of in-app advertisements
Psychological Reactance TheoryWhen an individual’s freedom is threatened, they experience psychological reactance, which is a motivational state that drives freedom restoration (Brehm, 1966)The psychological reactance due to in-app advertisements and their impact on mobile app usage can be studied using the theory

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