Table 1. Categories of NbS (adapted from... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1.

Categories of NbS (adapted from Cohen-Shacham et al. (2016))

Category of NbS approaches	Examples
Ecosystem restoration approaches	▪ Ecological restoration ▪ Ecological engineering ▪ Forest landscape restoration
Issue-specific ecosystem-related approaches	▪ Ecosystem-based adaptation ▪ Ecosystem-based mitigation ▪ Climate adaptation services ▪ Ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction
Infrastructure-related approaches	▪ Natural infrastructure ▪ Green infrastructure
Ecosystem-based management approaches	▪ Integrated coastal zone management ▪ Integrated water resources management
Ecosystem protection approaches	▪ Area-based conservation approaches including protected area management

Category of NbS approaches	Examples
Ecosystem restoration approaches	▪ Ecological restoration ▪ Ecological engineering ▪ Forest landscape restoration
Issue-specific ecosystem-related approaches	▪ Ecosystem-based adaptation ▪ Ecosystem-based mitigation ▪ Climate adaptation services ▪ Ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction
Infrastructure-related approaches	▪ Natural infrastructure ▪ Green infrastructure
Ecosystem-based management approaches	▪ Integrated coastal zone management ▪ Integrated water resources management
Ecosystem protection approaches	▪ Area-based conservation approaches including protected area management