Summary of previous research on architectural planning for megaprojects
| Reference | Year | Analysis technique | Significant factors in architectural programming |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bogenstätter (2000) | 2000 | Cost analyses and characteristic values | Refurbishment cycles; Financial aspects |
| Kamara and Anumba (2001) | 2001 | Questionnaire analysis | Client/project characteristics; Client business need; Facility “process”; Other sources of information |
| Gibson and Gebken (2003) | 2003 | Weighted score | Business strategy; Owner philosophies; Project requirements; Site information; Building programming; Building/Project design parameters; Equipment; Procurement strategy; Deliverables; Project control; Project execution plan |
| Hansen and Vanegas (2003) | 2003 | Design performance measures (DPMs) | Stake-holder perspectives; Performance parameters (e.g. Contextual compatibility and response, Functional performance, Physical performance, Cost, Time, Quality/reliability, Safety/security, Risk, Constructability, Maintainability, Health, Sustainability); Internal and external influences |
| Fellows et al. (2004) | 2004 | Qualitative analysis | Ethical dilemmas; The earliest decisions; Multi-participant involvement |
| Yu et al. (2006) | 2006 | Questionnaire analysis | Open and effective communication; Clear and precise briefing documents; Clear intention and objectives of client; Clear project goal and objectives |
| Yu et al. (2008) | 2008 | Questionnaire analysis | Projects; Stakeholder management; Teams and team dynamics; Client representation; Change management; Knowledge management; Risk and conflict management; Post occupancy evaluation and post project evaluation; Critical success factors and key performance indicators; Type of business and organizational theory; Decision making; Communications; Culture and ethics |
| Chung et al. (2009) | 2009 | Focus group meeting | Integrated briefing team; Collaborative briefing job plan; Computer supported cooperative work platform; Requirements processing models; Facilitation models |
| Luo et al. (2010) | 2010 | Case-Based Reasoning | Preparation; Information; Function analysis; Performance specification; Evaluation |
| Deng and Poon (2013) | 2013 | Questionnaire analysis | Fee issue; User participation; Demand-supply mismatch |
| Tang et al. (2013) | 2013 | Focus group meeting | Accuracy and transparency of “requirements identification” processing; The engagement of stakeholders; The appropriate integration of stakeholders |
| Shen et al. (2013) | 2013 | Questionnaire analysis | Communication between clients and designers; Factors related to spatial properties; Clients’ understanding |
| Yu and Shen (2015) | 2015 | Factor analysis, reliability, and validity analyses | Client’s business, organization, and project requirements; Requirements of stakeholders; Knowledge, experience, and cultural background of the stakeholders; Decision making and management skills of the senior project managers; Competence of the design team; Balanced interest of the stakeholders; The process of briefing |
| Tang et al. (2015) | 2015 | Exploratory factor analysis | Clients’ requirements and decisions for briefing; Briefing documentation and flexibility; Clear briefing process and control; Stakeholders’ involvement in briefing |
| Khosrowshahi (2015) | 2015 | system analysis and design methodology (SSADM) | Client needs; External factors; Client’s requests; Feasibility study |
| Surlan et al. (2016) | 2016 | The EFTE (Estimate, Feedback, Talk, Estimate) method (also known as interactive Delphi) | Project scope; Time; Cost; Quality; Contract/Ad-ministration; Human resource; Risk; Health and safety |
| Park-Lee and Person (2018) | 2018 | Inductive thematic analysis | Customized communication; Codified conducts; Productized services |
| Kalayci and Ozdemir (2021) | 2021 | Literature review and current situation inquiries | Public use; Culture; Greenery; Flexibility; Comfort; Ecology; References; Integration |
| Xiang et al. (2021) | 2021 | Delphi method, Focus group | The communities’ environmental factors |
| Al-Shalche and Al-Dabbagh (2022) | 2022 | Comparative analysis | Function; Structural systems; The relationship with the context; Searching for contemporary values and symbolic aspects; Important value from the clients |
| Lee et al. (2022) | 2022 | Questionnaire analysis, Multivariate analysis | The client and design team briefing; Construction leadership authoritative decision-making; Mutual trust among the project team; High organizational skills among the project team; Good integration among the project team |
| Abe et al. (2023) | 2023 | Interview survey | The client; Architect and contractor; All cited the rationalization and improvement of schedule; Temporary facilities; Structure design |
| Milovanovic et al. (2023) | 2023 | Multiscale and Value-Based Analysis | Responsibility regarding the horizontal and vertical distribution units and levels (national, regional, local); Construction periods; Regional appearance; and (4) features for further development |
| Opoku et al. (2024) | 2024 | Semi-structured interviews | Project managers’ (PMs’) role; Sustainability leadership; Sustainable innovative capability |
| Medic et al. (2024) | 2024 | Mathematical model design | Spatial disposition; Internal program distribution; Consumers’ purchasing power; potential investors’ costs; Retail gravitation |
| Reference | Year | Analysis technique | Significant factors in architectural programming |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | Cost analyses and characteristic values | Refurbishment cycles; Financial aspects | |
| 2001 | Questionnaire analysis | Client/project characteristics; Client business need; Facility “process”; Other sources of information | |
| 2003 | Weighted score | Business strategy; Owner philosophies; Project requirements; Site information; Building programming; Building/Project design parameters; Equipment; Procurement strategy; Deliverables; Project control; Project execution plan | |
| 2003 | Design performance measures (DPMs) | Stake-holder perspectives; Performance parameters (e.g. Contextual compatibility and response, Functional performance, Physical performance, Cost, Time, Quality/reliability, Safety/security, Risk, Constructability, Maintainability, Health, Sustainability); Internal and external influences | |
| 2004 | Qualitative analysis | Ethical dilemmas; The earliest decisions; Multi-participant involvement | |
| 2006 | Questionnaire analysis | Open and effective communication; Clear and precise briefing documents; Clear intention and objectives of client; Clear project goal and objectives | |
| 2008 | Questionnaire analysis | Projects; Stakeholder management; Teams and team dynamics; Client representation; Change management; Knowledge management; Risk and conflict management; Post occupancy evaluation and post project evaluation; Critical success factors and key performance indicators; Type of business and organizational theory; Decision making; Communications; Culture and ethics | |
| 2009 | Focus group meeting | Integrated briefing team; Collaborative briefing job plan; Computer supported cooperative work platform; Requirements processing models; Facilitation models | |
| 2010 | Case-Based Reasoning | Preparation; Information; Function analysis; Performance specification; Evaluation | |
| 2013 | Questionnaire analysis | Fee issue; User participation; Demand-supply mismatch | |
| 2013 | Focus group meeting | Accuracy and transparency of “requirements identification” processing; The engagement of stakeholders; The appropriate integration of stakeholders | |
| 2013 | Questionnaire analysis | Communication between clients and designers; Factors related to spatial properties; Clients’ understanding | |
| 2015 | Factor analysis, reliability, and validity analyses | Client’s business, organization, and project requirements; Requirements of stakeholders; Knowledge, experience, and cultural background of the stakeholders; Decision making and management skills of the senior project managers; Competence of the design team; Balanced interest of the stakeholders; The process of briefing | |
| 2015 | Exploratory factor analysis | Clients’ requirements and decisions for briefing; Briefing documentation and flexibility; Clear briefing process and control; Stakeholders’ involvement in briefing | |
| 2015 | system analysis and design methodology (SSADM) | Client needs; External factors; Client’s requests; Feasibility study | |
| 2016 | The EFTE (Estimate, Feedback, Talk, Estimate) method (also known as interactive Delphi) | Project scope; Time; Cost; Quality; Contract/Ad-ministration; Human resource; Risk; Health and safety | |
| 2018 | Inductive thematic analysis | Customized communication; Codified conducts; Productized services | |
| 2021 | Literature review and current situation inquiries | Public use; Culture; Greenery; Flexibility; Comfort; Ecology; References; Integration | |
| 2021 | Delphi method, Focus group | The communities’ environmental factors | |
| 2022 | Comparative analysis | Function; Structural systems; The relationship with the context; Searching for contemporary values and symbolic aspects; Important value from the clients | |
| 2022 | Questionnaire analysis, Multivariate analysis | The client and design team briefing; Construction leadership authoritative decision-making; Mutual trust among the project team; High organizational skills among the project team; Good integration among the project team | |
| 2023 | Interview survey | The client; Architect and contractor; All cited the rationalization and improvement of schedule; Temporary facilities; Structure design | |
| 2023 | Multiscale and Value-Based Analysis | Responsibility regarding the horizontal and vertical distribution units and levels (national, regional, local); Construction periods; Regional appearance; and (4) features for further development | |
| 2024 | Semi-structured interviews | Project managers’ (PMs’) role; Sustainability leadership; Sustainable innovative capability | |
| 2024 | Mathematical model design | Spatial disposition; Internal program distribution; Consumers’ purchasing power; potential investors’ costs; Retail gravitation |
Source(s): Author's own work
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