Table 1 Operational variable definition... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1

Operational variable definition

Variable definition	Indicator
Government regulation Regulation that effectively defines the limits of legal behavior	a. Regulations related to the environment b. Application of local regulations on the environment within the company c. Government inspections/audits of companies regularly d. Having permits that support business activities (environmental impact analysis, company Hygiene manual) e Having a Waste Management site (Laosirihongthong et al., 2013)
Eco-innovation The development of products and processes that contribute to sustainable development, as well as applying the commercial application of knowledge to obtain direct or indirect ecological improvements	a. Environmental-friendly product innovations b. Sustainable advancements in processes that are kind to the environment c. Innovative approaches within organizations that prioritize environmental sustainability d. Promoting (marketing) innovative environmental-friendly solutions (Yu et al., 2013)
Sustainable manufacturing Sustainable Manufacturing aims for eco-friendly products, efficient processes and positive societal impact, balancing environmental preservation with economic and social benefits	a. Production environment that prioritizes cleanliness and hygiene b. Reuse and recycling of leftover products or product components c. Engage employees in implementing sustainable manufacturing practices, both directly and indirectly d. Building strong supplier relationships fosters mutual benefit and positive environmental outcomes for the community e. Offering eco-friendly products that meet consumer demands and foster positive customer relationships f. Contributing to creating a favorable environmental condition for the surrounding residents g. The product is designed with consideration for reuse and recycling aspects h Exchange of waste or by-products with other companies in the industry for different products (Shiming et al., 2011)
Environmental Performance Environmental performance considers efficiency in resource use, recycling and reduction of pollution, waste and emissions	a. Minimizing excessive water usage during production activities b. Reducing excessive utilization of non-renewable resources in production activities c. Minimizing the disposal of hazardous waste and other pollution d Minimize the emission of gas waste (Adebambo et al., 2014)

Variable definition	Indicator
Government regulationRegulation that effectively defines the limits of legal behavior	a. Regulations related to the environment b. Application of local regulations on the environment within the company c. Government inspections/audits of companies regularly d. Having permits that support business activities (environmental impact analysis, company Hygiene manual) e Having a Waste Management site (Laosirihongthong et al., 2013)
Eco-innovationThe development of products and processes that contribute to sustainable development, as well as applying the commercial application of knowledge to obtain direct or indirect ecological improvements	a. Environmental-friendly product innovations b. Sustainable advancements in processes that are kind to the environment c. Innovative approaches within organizations that prioritize environmental sustainability d. Promoting (marketing) innovative environmental-friendly solutions (Yu et al., 2013)
Sustainable manufacturingSustainable Manufacturing aims for eco-friendly products, efficient processes and positive societal impact, balancing environmental preservation with economic and social benefits	a. Production environment that prioritizes cleanliness and hygiene b. Reuse and recycling of leftover products or product components c. Engage employees in implementing sustainable manufacturing practices, both directly and indirectly d. Building strong supplier relationships fosters mutual benefit and positive environmental outcomes for the community e. Offering eco-friendly products that meet consumer demands and foster positive customer relationships f. Contributing to creating a favorable environmental condition for the surrounding residents g. The product is designed with consideration for reuse and recycling aspects h Exchange of waste or by-products with other companies in the industry for different products (Shiming et al., 2011)
Environmental PerformanceEnvironmental performance considers efficiency in resource use, recycling and reduction of pollution, waste and emissions	a. Minimizing excessive water usage during production activities b. Reducing excessive utilization of non-renewable resources in production activities c. Minimizing the disposal of hazardous waste and other pollution d Minimize the emission of gas waste (Adebambo et al., 2014)

Source(s): Authors work