Quantitative Delphi results
| I-statistics | D-statistics | T-statistics | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nr. | Prospective thesis | Mean | IQR | SD | CV | Mean | IQR | SD | CV | Mean | SD | CV* | Never |
| 1 | PCF transparency | 4.7 | 2 | 1.24 | −8.05 | 4.67 | 2 | 1.47 | −6.30 | 2033.12 | 4.41 | −16.37 | 1 |
| 2 | Carbon pricing | 5.76 | 2 | 1.24 | −5.59 | 5.60 | 1 | 1.22 | −3.00 | 2031.31 | 5.24 | −23.14 | 3 |
| 3 | Carbon-neutrality incentives | 5.18 | 2 | 1.13 | −10.31 | 5.33 | 1 | 1.26 | −7.20 | 2029.42 | 4.32 | −16.52 | 1 |
| 4 | CE regulation | 4.9 | 2 | 1.14 | −8.92 | 5.22 | 1 | 1.15 | −8.25 | 2032.88 | 4.50 | −23.73 | 1 |
| 5 | Nonfossil electricity | 6.06 | 1 | 0.99 | −12.28 | 6.18 | 1 | 1.00 | −4.27 | 2038.71 | 4.59 | −26.67 | 4 |
| 6 | Carbon-neutral investments | 4.88 | 2 | 1.26 | −13.36 | 5.10 | 1 | 1.43 | 0.16 | 2033.94 | 5.65 | −12.36 | 4 |
| 7 | Carbon-adjusted interest rates | 4.87 | 1.5 | 1.04 | −19.61 | 4.79 | 1.5 | 1.24 | −13.31 | 2031.50 | 5.46 | −13.00 | 3 |
| 8 | B2B pays for carbon-neutrality | 4.57 | 2 | 1.51 | −11.08 | 4.91 | 2 | 1.39 | −6.12 | 2032.51 | 5.50 | −21.96 | 2 |
| 9 | CO2 data sharing | 4.9 | 2 | 1.22 | 1.00 | 5.15 | 1 | 1.13 | −6.26 | 2031.37 | 4.26 | −13.14 | 2 |
| 10 | New zero-carbon energy | 4.6 | 2 | 1.64 | 0.98 | 4.94 | 2 | 1.54 | −12.83 | 2040.75 | 4.90 | −14.87 | 14 |
| 11 | CCS | 4.45 | 2 | 1.56 | −3.59 | 4.82 | 2 | 1.49 | −1.02 | 2036.47 | 4.96 | −17.30 | 5 |
| 12 | Zero-carbon logistics | 4.42 | 1 | 1.16 | −17.81 | 4.90 | 2 | 1.37 | −2.77 | 2037.89 | 5.49 | −17.79 | 1 |
| I-statistics | D-statistics | T-statistics | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nr. | Prospective thesis | Mean | IQR | SD | CV | Mean | IQR | SD | CV | Mean | SD | CV* | Never |
| PCF transparency | 4.7 | 2 | 1.24 | −8.05 | 4.67 | 2 | −6.30 | 2033.12 | −16.37 | 1 | |||
| Carbon pricing | 5.76 | 2 | 1.24 | −5.59 | 5.60 | 1.22 | −3.00 | 2031.31 | 5.24 | −23.14 | 3 | ||
| Carbon-neutrality incentives | 5.18 | 2 | −10.31 | 5.33 | 1.26 | −7.20 | 2029.42 | 4.32 | −16.52 | 1 | |||
| CE regulation | 4.9 | 2 | −8.92 | 5.22 | 1.15 | −8.25 | 2032.88 | 4.50 | −23.73 | 1 | |||
| Nonfossil electricity | 6.06 | −12.28 | 6.18 | −4.27 | 2038.71 | 4.59 | −26.67 | 4 | |||||
| Carbon-neutral investments | 4.88 | 2 | 1.26 | −13.36 | 5.10 | 1.43 | 0.16 | 2033.94 | 5.65 | −12.36 | 4 | ||
| Carbon-adjusted interest rates | 4.87 | 1.5 | 1.04 | −19.61 | 4.79 | 1.5 | −13.31 | 2031.50 | 5.46 | −13.00 | 3 | ||
| B2B pays for carbon-neutrality | 4.57 | 2 | 1.51 | −11.08 | 4.91 | 2 | 1.39 | −6.12 | 2032.51 | 5.50 | −21.96 | 2 | |
| CO2 data sharing | 4.9 | 2 | 1.00 | 5.15 | 1.13 | −6.26 | 2031.37 | 4.26 | −13.14 | 2 | |||
| New zero-carbon energy | 4.6 | 2 | 0.98 | 4.94 | 2 | 1.54 | −12.83 | 2040.75 | 4.90 | −14.87 | 14 | ||
| CCS | 4.45 | 2 | −3.59 | 4.82 | 2 | −1.02 | 2036.47 | 4.96 | −17.30 | 5 | |||
| Zero-carbon logistics | 4.42 | 1.16 | −17.81 | 4.90 | 2 | −2.77 | 2037.89 | 5.49 | −17.79 | 1 | |||
Notes:
Prospective theses with consensus among panelists are marked in italic; I = impact in case of occurrence (seven-point Likert-scale; 1 = very low; 7 = very high); D = desirability of occurrence (seven-point Likert-scale; 1 = very low; 7 = very high); T = estimated time of occurrence (2023–2050); IQR = interquartile range; *experts rating T as “never” in one of the two rounds were excluded.
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