Descriptive statistics – comparison of mean scores between the villages
| Measurement items | Xidi | Hongcun | Nanping | F-ratio | Prob |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tourism has increased job opportunities for the residents of this village | 3.46 | 3.87 | 3.49 | 8.80 | <0.001 |
| Tourism is useful for promoting local products | 3.82 | 3.94 | 3.76 | 1.78 | 0.170 |
| Tourism has increased the quality of life of the residents | 3.77 | 3.42 | 3.49 | 5.43 | 0.005 |
| Tourism has given economic benefits to small businesses | 3.77 | 3.62 | 3.71 | 1.06 | 0.347 |
| Tourism attracts more investment in this village | 3.54 | 3.33 | 3.39 | 1.49 | 0.227 |
| Most of the money earned from tourism in this village ends up going to non-village/province companies | 3.61 | 3.84 | 3.57 | 2.80 | 0.062 |
| Non-residents owned business are beneficial for the village’s tourist industry | 3.13 | 3.52 | 3.16 | 6.67 | 0.001 |
| My job is closely related to the tourism industry | 3.15 | 3.40 | 2.77 | 11.53 | <0.001 |
| My household income is closely tied to the tourism industry | 3.11 | 3.38 | 2.77 | 10.37 | <0.001 |
| Tourism creates more jobs for foreigners than for local people in this village | 3.58 | 3.31 | 3.21 | 5.03 | 0.007 |
| Tourism has increased the inequality of economic gain (income) among residents | 3.87 | 3.70 | 3.53 | 4.41 | 0.013 |
| Tourism has encouraged residents’ participation in cultural heritage activities (i.e. crafts, arts and music) | 3.51 | 3.72 | 3.74 | 2.74 | 0.066 |
| Tourism has increased (name of village) cultural heritage identity | 3.54 | 3.89 | 3.88 | 7.25 | 0.001 |
| Quality of life of the residents has improved because of tourism facilities | 3.33 | 3.45 | 3.34 | 0.31 | 0.733 |
| Tourism has increased prostitution in this village | 2.37 | 2.05 | 2.30 | 3.36 | 0.036 |
| Tourism has reduced local safety and security in this village | 2.73 | 2.63 | 2.76 | 0.52 | 0.597 |
| Tourism has overused the resources of this village | 3.30 | 3.54 | 2.95 | 11.59 | <0.001 |
| Tourism has increased our awareness of protection for cultural heritage resources | 3.50 | 3.87 | 3.78 | 6.54 | 0.002 |
| Tourism has made transport more accessible in this village | 3.34 | 3.33 | 3.76 | 7.31 | 0.001 |
| Tourism provides an incentive for the restoration and conservation of ancient houses | 3.65 | 3.88 | 3.63 | 3.18 | 0.043 |
| Tourism has caused more traffic congestion and parking problems in the village | 3.61 | 3.92 | 3.19 | 17.56 | <0.001 |
| Tourism has caused more litter and pollution in the village | 3.70 | 4.06 | 3.05 | 30.10 | <0.001 |
| The construction of tourism facilities has destroyed the ancient features of the village | 3.46 | 3.67 | 3.14 | 7.95 | <0.001 |
| I support tourism and would like to see it become an important part of this village | 3.85 | 3.82 | 3.72 | 0.86 | 0.421 |
| I am against new tourism facilities which will attract more tourists to our village | 3.25 | 2.88 | 3.04 | 4.73 | 0.009 |
| Tourism activities should be more encouraged in this village | 3.50 | 3.57 | 3.62 | 0.709 | 0.493 |
| The city government should not support the promotion of tourism in this village | 2.99 | 2.92 | 2.94 | 0.148 | 0.862 |
| The positive impacts outweigh the negative impacts of tourism on the residents of this village | 3.47 | 3.30 | 3.48 | 1.45 | 0.225 |
| It is important to develop long term plans by city officials to manage the growth of tourism in this village | 3.30 | 3.87 | 3.81 | 14.07 | <0.001 |
| Tourism benefits a small group of people in this village | 3.73 | 3.64 | 3.96 | 4.01 | 0.190 |
| Non-residents should be allowed to develop tourism attractions in this area | 3.57 | 3.52 | 3.35 | 2.01 | 0.135 |
| The residents should have control over the tourism development | 3.75 | 3.77 | 3.94 | 0.38 | 0.683 |
| The positive impacts outweigh the negative impacts of tourism on the entire residents of Huangshan City | 3.69 | 3.87 | 3.99 | 3.95 | 0.020 |
| The view in this village is beautiful (i.e., distinctive Huizhou architecture, mountains, lake/pond) | 4.08 | 3.93 | 4.09 | 1.80 | 0.166 |
| This village is a special place for my family | 3.99 | 3.89 | 4.07 | 2.06 | 0.129 |
| I feel a sense of connection to my ancestors | 3.80 | 3.79 | 4.05 | 4.87 | 0.008 |
| “Returning to their roots” is an important Chinese philosophy that I want my child to live by | 4.00 | 3.85 | 4.06 | 2.66 | 0.071 |
| Many important family memories are tied to this village | 3.89 | 3.87 | 4.10 | 3.58 | 0.029 |
| This village is special because it was built during Ming and Qing dynasties | 3.69 | 3.43 | 3.86 | 8.74 | <0.001 |
| There is no resident's control over tourism management in this village | 3.45 | 3.79 | 3.81 | 5.19 | 0.006 |
| This village is important because it represents the historical and cultural value of the place | 4.00 | 4.22 | 4.03 | 4.40 | 0.013 |
| This place contributes to Huangshan City's economy | 3.85 | 4.13 | 3.83 | 6.34 | 0.002 |
| I am myself when I am in this village | 3.37 | 3.30 | 3.65 | 5.86 | 0.003 |
| It is important that wisdom, traditions and residents' way of life in this village is passed on to future generations | 3.85 | 4.06 | 3.97 | 2.37 | 0.095 |
| I take a great pride being a resident of this village | 3.70 | 3.46 | 3.70 | 3.61 | 0.028 |
| This village has inherent value because it is part of the natural environment | 3.74 | 3.94 | 3.74 | 2.81 | 0.061 |
| I identify strongly with this village | 3.73 | 3.48 | 3.65 | 2.91 | 0.055 |
| It is a terrible feeling to live in this village because residents are not friendly | 2.96 | 2.50 | 2.68 | 5.33 | 0.005 |
| This place will allow the future generations to know and experience the village as they are now | 4.12 | 4.31 | 4.21 | 0.314 | 0.731 |
| This village protects and preserves the distinct ancient features which Huanshan City is known for – Huizhou architecture and interesting landscapes | 3.92 | 3.80 | 3.56 | 6.47 | 0.002 |
| There is a sense of community togetherness in this village | 3.62 | 3.33 | 3.67 | 6.63 | 0.001 |
| This place is merely a place to do business | 3.07 | 2.54 | 2.64 | 8.97 | <0.001 |
| Measurement items | Xidi | Hongcun | Nanping | F-ratio | Prob |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tourism has increased job opportunities for the residents of this village | 3.46 | 3.87 | 3.49 | 8.80 | <0.001 |
| Tourism is useful for promoting local products | 3.82 | 3.94 | 3.76 | 1.78 | 0.170 |
| Tourism has increased the quality of life of the residents | 3.77 | 3.42 | 3.49 | 5.43 | 0.005 |
| Tourism has given economic benefits to small businesses | 3.77 | 3.62 | 3.71 | 1.06 | 0.347 |
| Tourism attracts more investment in this village | 3.54 | 3.33 | 3.39 | 1.49 | 0.227 |
| Most of the money earned from tourism in this village ends up going to non-village/province companies | 3.61 | 3.84 | 3.57 | 2.80 | 0.062 |
| Non-residents owned business are beneficial for the village’s tourist industry | 3.13 | 3.52 | 3.16 | 6.67 | 0.001 |
| My job is closely related to the tourism industry | 3.15 | 3.40 | 2.77 | 11.53 | <0.001 |
| My household income is closely tied to the tourism industry | 3.11 | 3.38 | 2.77 | 10.37 | <0.001 |
| Tourism creates more jobs for foreigners than for local people in this village | 3.58 | 3.31 | 3.21 | 5.03 | 0.007 |
| Tourism has increased the inequality of economic gain (income) among residents | 3.87 | 3.70 | 3.53 | 4.41 | 0.013 |
| Tourism has encouraged residents’ participation in cultural heritage activities (i.e. crafts, arts and music) | 3.51 | 3.72 | 3.74 | 2.74 | 0.066 |
| Tourism has increased (name of village) cultural heritage identity | 3.54 | 3.89 | 3.88 | 7.25 | 0.001 |
| Quality of life of the residents has improved because of tourism facilities | 3.33 | 3.45 | 3.34 | 0.31 | 0.733 |
| Tourism has increased prostitution in this village | 2.37 | 2.05 | 2.30 | 3.36 | 0.036 |
| Tourism has reduced local safety and security in this village | 2.73 | 2.63 | 2.76 | 0.52 | 0.597 |
| Tourism has overused the resources of this village | 3.30 | 3.54 | 2.95 | 11.59 | <0.001 |
| Tourism has increased our awareness of protection for cultural heritage resources | 3.50 | 3.87 | 3.78 | 6.54 | 0.002 |
| Tourism has made transport more accessible in this village | 3.34 | 3.33 | 3.76 | 7.31 | 0.001 |
| Tourism provides an incentive for the restoration and conservation of ancient houses | 3.65 | 3.88 | 3.63 | 3.18 | 0.043 |
| Tourism has caused more traffic congestion and parking problems in the village | 3.61 | 3.92 | 3.19 | 17.56 | <0.001 |
| Tourism has caused more litter and pollution in the village | 3.70 | 4.06 | 3.05 | 30.10 | <0.001 |
| The construction of tourism facilities has destroyed the ancient features of the village | 3.46 | 3.67 | 3.14 | 7.95 | <0.001 |
| I support tourism and would like to see it become an important part of this village | 3.85 | 3.82 | 3.72 | 0.86 | 0.421 |
| I am against new tourism facilities which will attract more tourists to our village | 3.25 | 2.88 | 3.04 | 4.73 | 0.009 |
| Tourism activities should be more encouraged in this village | 3.50 | 3.57 | 3.62 | 0.709 | 0.493 |
| The city government should not support the promotion of tourism in this village | 2.99 | 2.92 | 2.94 | 0.148 | 0.862 |
| The positive impacts outweigh the negative impacts of tourism on the residents of this village | 3.47 | 3.30 | 3.48 | 1.45 | 0.225 |
| It is important to develop long term plans by city officials to manage the growth of tourism in this village | 3.30 | 3.87 | 3.81 | 14.07 | <0.001 |
| Tourism benefits a small group of people in this village | 3.73 | 3.64 | 3.96 | 4.01 | 0.190 |
| Non-residents should be allowed to develop tourism attractions in this area | 3.57 | 3.52 | 3.35 | 2.01 | 0.135 |
| The residents should have control over the tourism development | 3.75 | 3.77 | 3.94 | 0.38 | 0.683 |
| The positive impacts outweigh the negative impacts of tourism on the entire residents of Huangshan City | 3.69 | 3.87 | 3.99 | 3.95 | 0.020 |
| The view in this village is beautiful (i.e., distinctive Huizhou architecture, mountains, lake/pond) | 4.08 | 3.93 | 4.09 | 1.80 | 0.166 |
| This village is a special place for my family | 3.99 | 3.89 | 4.07 | 2.06 | 0.129 |
| I feel a sense of connection to my ancestors | 3.80 | 3.79 | 4.05 | 4.87 | 0.008 |
| “Returning to their roots” is an important Chinese philosophy that I want my child to live by | 4.00 | 3.85 | 4.06 | 2.66 | 0.071 |
| Many important family memories are tied to this village | 3.89 | 3.87 | 4.10 | 3.58 | 0.029 |
| This village is special because it was built during Ming and Qing dynasties | 3.69 | 3.43 | 3.86 | 8.74 | <0.001 |
| There is no resident's control over tourism management in this village | 3.45 | 3.79 | 3.81 | 5.19 | 0.006 |
| This village is important because it represents the historical and cultural value of the place | 4.00 | 4.22 | 4.03 | 4.40 | 0.013 |
| This place contributes to Huangshan City's economy | 3.85 | 4.13 | 3.83 | 6.34 | 0.002 |
| I am myself when I am in this village | 3.37 | 3.30 | 3.65 | 5.86 | 0.003 |
| It is important that wisdom, traditions and residents' way of life in this village is passed on to future generations | 3.85 | 4.06 | 3.97 | 2.37 | 0.095 |
| I take a great pride being a resident of this village | 3.70 | 3.46 | 3.70 | 3.61 | 0.028 |
| This village has inherent value because it is part of the natural environment | 3.74 | 3.94 | 3.74 | 2.81 | 0.061 |
| I identify strongly with this village | 3.73 | 3.48 | 3.65 | 2.91 | 0.055 |
| It is a terrible feeling to live in this village because residents are not friendly | 2.96 | 2.50 | 2.68 | 5.33 | 0.005 |
| This place will allow the future generations to know and experience the village as they are now | 4.12 | 4.31 | 4.21 | 0.314 | 0.731 |
| This village protects and preserves the distinct ancient features which Huanshan City is known for – Huizhou architecture and interesting landscapes | 3.92 | 3.80 | 3.56 | 6.47 | 0.002 |
| There is a sense of community togetherness in this village | 3.62 | 3.33 | 3.67 | 6.63 | 0.001 |
| This place is merely a place to do business | 3.07 | 2.54 | 2.64 | 8.97 | <0.001 |
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