Table 1.

Measurement model estimation

Construct name and measurement itemsλ
Ubiquity (AVE = 0.87; α = 0.92; CR = 0.95) 
I can use m-banking apps from anywhere0.93
I can use m-banking apps at any time0.94
If needed, I can use m-banking apps at any time from anywhere0.92
Gamification (AVE = 0.77; α = 0.90; CR = 0.93) 
Learning how to use m-banking during a game on an m-banking app would be nice0.79
I feel pleasure in the use of an m-banking app with features of games0.93
I feel good while playing a game on an m-banking app0.93
I think that an m-banking app with content and animated elements is secure0.85
Self-congruence (AVE = 0.74; α = 0.83; CR = 0.89) 
People similar to me use m-banking apps0.71
I identify with people who prefer m-banking apps to other forms of banking0.91
The image of a typical user of m-banking apps is highly consistent with how I see myself0.93
Innovativeness (AVE = 0.75; α = 0.89; CR = 0.92)
I think…
 
…I am the first in my circle of friends to know where I can use m-banking apps0.88
…I am the first in my circle of friends to use m-banking apps0.90
…I know more about m-banking apps than my circle of friends0.89
…I would use m-banking apps even if I did not know anyone who had done it before0.79
Perceived usefulness (AVE = 0.74; α = 0.89; CR = 0.92) 
Using m-banking apps enables me to pay more quickly0.86
Using m-banking apps makes it easier for me to conduct transactions0.88
I find m-banking apps a useful possibility for paying0.86
M-banking apps appear to be practical0.84
Perceived entertainment (AVE = 0.80; α = 0.92; CR = 0.94)
Using…
 
…m-banking apps help me relax0.85
…m-banking apps help me entertain0.93
Using m-banking apps provides me with something to do when I am alone0.92
Subjective norms (AVE = 0.80; α = 0.87; CR = 0.92) 
When I use m-banking apps, most of the people who are important to me regard me as…
…clever
0.85
…useful0.94
…valuable0.90
Novelty seeking (AVE = 0.74; α = 0.82; CR = 0.90) 
I am interested to hear about new technological developments0.88
Technological developments have enhanced my life0.90
I feel comfortable when using m-banking apps0.80
Overall perceived value (AVE = 0.73; α = 0.81; CR = 0.89) 
Using m-banking apps is a pleasant experience0.87
The overall value of my experience using m-banking apps is outstanding0.89
M-banking apps represent a good use of my time and money0.80
Continuance intention to use m-banking (AVE = 0.89; α = 0.94; CR = 0.96) 
Given a chance, I will intend to use m-banking apps0.93
I expect my use of m-banking apps to continue in the future0.96
I have the intention to use m-banking apps to conduct payments0.93

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